人工养殖条件下岩原鲤幼鱼排空率与摄食量  

Gastric evacuation rate and daily food consumption of artifi-cially-reared juvenile rock carp Procypris rabaudi(Tchang)

作　　者：冯宪斌[1,2] 杨德国[1,2,3] 李茜[1,2] 朱永久[1,3] 何勇凤[1] 赵建华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,湖北武汉430223 [3]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2012年第4期654-661,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业科研杰出人才基金资助项目

摘　　要：在室内微流水养殖条件下,以水蚯蚓(Limnodrilus sp.)为饵料,应用现场胃含物法,研究岩原鲤[Procypris rabaudi(Tchang)]幼鱼的排空率和日摄食量。结果表明:岩原鲤幼鱼摄食强度具有明显的昼夜节律,呈现较典型的单峰分布特征,其摄食强度高峰时间在0:30到6:30;在实验水温18.6℃时,用湿重表示胃含物质量,线性、指数和平方根3种常用模型均可较好拟合岩原鲤幼鱼[体质量(3.30±0.94)g]的排空率实验数据(df=18,P<0.001),综合评价结果进一步表明,其中指数模型拟合度最好,所得模型为St=0.139e-0.169t(r2=0.952,P<0.001);同时得到岩原鲤幼鱼的排空率(以湿重计)为0.169 g/(100g.h)。实验得到养殖岩原鲤幼鱼的日摄食量(湿重)为24.91 g/(100g.d);应用Elliott-Persson模型评估得到自然环境中岩原鲤幼鱼日摄食量(以湿重计)Cd=14.309 g/(100g.d)。研究建立的岩原鲤幼鱼空消化道重(EDW)-体长(BL)-体质量(BW)经验关系式为EDW=0.24(BW/BL)1.547-0.139(n=83,r2=0.89)。研究表明,指数模型最适于描述岩原鲤幼鱼胃排空特征,Flliott-Persson模型在野外环境中岩原鲤幼鱼摄食评估上具有较大适用性。这些结果可为岩原鲤幼鱼摄食生态的定量研究及环境容纳量评估提供基础资料。Gastric evacuation rates and daily food consumption of artificially-reared juvenile rock carp Procypris rabaudi （Tchang） were determined in the laboratory by the stomach content method. During the experiment, the fish were fed on Limnodrilus sp. The feeding intensity exhibited a distinct circadian rhythm, with a single peak between 00：30 and 06：30. Gastric evacuation rates of juvenile carp of mean fresh weight （3.30 ± 0.94） g （FW） were determined at 18.6℃. Linear, exponential and square root models were fitted to the gastric evacuation data and all the three models provided a good fit to the data （df= 18, P〈0.001）. The exponential model （St = 0.139e-0.169t） provided the best fit （r2=0.952, P〈0.001） and, using this model, the gastric evacuation rate was calculated to be 0.169 g/（100g.h） by FW. The daily food consumption was measured directly as 24.91 g/（100g.d） by FW. Using the Elliott-Persson （1978） model, the food consumption of juvenile rock carp in their natural environment was esti- mated as Cd=14.309 g/（100g d） by FW. To simplify quantification of the digestive tract contents of rare and en- dangered fish with complicated digestive tracts, we employed an empirical formula to calculate the weight of the empty digestive tract （EDW） on the basis of body weight （BW） and body length （BL）： EDW=0.24（BW/BL）1.547-0.139 （n=83, r2=0.89）. This study provides basic data for quantitative research on the feeding ecology and environmental carrying capacity of rock carp.

关 键 词：岩原鲤 胃排空率 日摄食量 模型 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学] S917.4[生物学—普通生物学]