菲律宾花鳗鲡种类鉴别与形态差异分析  

Species Identification and Morphological Variations in Elvers Introduced from Philippine

作　　者：罗鸣钟[1,2,3] 关瑞章[1,3,4] 李忠琴[3,4] 靳恒[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心,福建厦门361021 [4]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《水产科学》2012年第6期333-338,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-043-03);福建省科技计划重点项目(2009N0046);福建省教育厅重点项目(JA09157);福建省科学技术厅项目(2009N2003-1)

摘　　要：根据脊椎骨数及量度性状,用形态学分析方法鉴别了菲律宾花鳗鲡鳗苗的种类,并应用方差、主成分和判别等分析方法比较研究了引进鳗苗种类间形态差异。结果表明,引进的菲律宾花鳗鲡鳗苗实为2种鳗鲡,即花鳗鲡和太平洋双色鳗。其中花鳗鲡数量绝多,个体较小;太平洋双色鳗数量少,但个体显著大于花鳗鲡。花鳗鲡总脊椎骨数、臀鳍起点前和起点后脊椎骨数均显著小于太平洋双色鳗。花鳗鲡与太平洋双色鳗的多个形态性状差异显著,包括体型、头部、口裂及鳍,散布全身。建议在鳗苗培育后期分级选别时,可根据花鳗鲡与太平洋双色鳗体型的差异和鳍型不同将其分开。花鳗鲡体型较小,背鳍前端和臀鳍前端距离较远;太平洋双色鳗体型较大,背鳍前端和臀鳍前端几乎平齐。The species of eel elvers introduced from Philippine was identified by number of vertebra and measurable characters,and the morphological variations in the eel elvers were analyzed by variance analysis,discriminant analysis and principal component analysis.It was found that there were two species eel in the elvers introduced from Philippine,Anguill marmorata,which were the principal elver with small size,and A.bicolor pacifica,which were less in number and had large size.There were significantly less total vertebra,predorsal vertebra and behind anal fin vertebra in A.marmorata than those in A.bicolor pacifica.The multivarition analysis revealed that there were many significant differences in measurable characters including body shape,head,gape and fins between A.marmorata and A.bicolor pacifica.It is suggested that A.marmorata and A.bicolor pacifica be distinguished by the different body formation and fin types during later fingerlings rearing period.A.marmorata has small body sizes and its fore-end of dorsal fin is far from the fore-end of anal fin,whereas A.bicolor pacifica has large body sizes and its fore-end of dorsal fin and anal fin at the same level.

关 键 词：菲律宾 花鳗鲡 种类鉴别 形态差异 

分 类 号：S965.223[农业科学—水产养殖]