比例原则下的无效合同判定之展开  

On the Judgment of Nullity of Contract under the Principle of Proportionality

作　　者：黄忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2012年第4期46-59,共14页Law and Social Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11XFX018);西南政法大学重点项目(2010-XZZD15)"民法上违法处置论:观念澄清与制度完善研究";西南政法大学青年教师学术创新团队建设计划项目

摘　　要：无效合同的判定实际上是一个公私利益的权衡过程,在此当中,如何保证无效的判断是适度的则成为这一判定过程中的一个核心问题。而比例原则的运用,则有助于这一目的的实现。在比例原则指导下的合同无效之判定是一个事实判断与价值判断的综合考量过程。其中,合同与社会公共利益的关联性、合同无效的必要性和实效性的判断主要是事实判断的过程,而合同本身的恶劣性、社会公共利益的重要性以及合同无效的均衡性则更多地涉及价值判断。The essence of the nullity of contract is that the country limits proportionally the freedom of act of the person which is the basic rights in Constitution. In the above proceeding of weighing, the principle of proportionality must be applied. To ensure the fairness of judgments according the way of the interests balancing, we require that the court to take six factors into account in deciding the nullity of contract. These include： （a） the seriousness of contract, （b） the directness of the connection between that contract and the public interests, （c） the strength and importance of public interests, （d） the necessity that a refusal to enforce contract, （e） the effectiveness that a refusal to enforce contract will further that public interests, and （f） the proportionality between the freedom of contract and the nullity. Certainly, the interests balancing in a certain case still needs the wisdom of individual judges.

关 键 词：合同无效 比例原则 利益衡量 自由裁量权 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]