2009年1月平流层爆发性增温期间全球电离层响应的研究  

Observations of the Global Ionospheric Response During the January 2009 Stratospheric Sudden Warming Event

作　　者：雷霄龙[1,2] 符养 薛震刚 杜晓勇 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象学院,南京211101 [2]北京应用气象研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2012年第4期513-523,共11页Chinese Journal of Space Science

摘　　要：2009年1月平流层爆发性增温(Stratospheric Sudden Warming,SSW)事件是有记录以来最强、持续时间最长的一次主增温事件(Major Warming Event,MWE),期间太阳活动和地磁活动均处于较低的水平,因此非常有利于研究电离层对平流层增温事件的响应情况.本文利用COSMIC(Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate)系统提供的掩星数据,使用Kriging方法分别构建了此次SSW时期以及平静期的电离层N_mF_2,h_MF_2和110～750 km高度范围的垂直积分TEC(简称VTEC)地图,同时从全球定位导航卫星系统服务组织(International GNSS Service,IGS)发布的全球电离层TEC地图(Global Ionospheric Maps,GIMs)中提取了日固坐标系(Sun-fixed,地磁纬度和地方时)下全球TEC地图.通过对比发现,SSW期间与平静期相比,地磁纬度中低纬电离层参数存在早晨上升,下午和夜间下降的现象.利用OSTM/JASON-2卫星高度计观测值进行验证后的结果显示,此前研究均未有提及的夜间时段电离层参数N_mF_2,h_mF_2和TEC(VTEC和IGS TEC)下降现象的确存在.A major Stratospheric Sudden Warming （SSW） in January 2009 was the strongest and most prolonged in record. In the period of this warming event, the solar activity and geomagnetic disturbance are extremely low. Hence it provides a good opportunity to investigate the response of the ionosphere to SSW event. The Kriging method is adopted to construct map of NmF2, hmF2, and integrated Vertical TEC （VTEC） within height ranging from ll0km to 750kin with data derivedform COSMIC radio occultation system. And global TEC maps in the Sun-fixed coordinate are also drawn from IGS GIMs. By comparing these maps, it can be found that NmF2, hmF2 and TEC increase in the morning hours and decrease in the afternoon and night. Under fixed location and local time bins, cases during SSW and non-SSW days from global COSMIC observations are compared, which shows thatNmF2,hmF2, and VTEC during SSW days, on average, increase 17%, 12%, 10kin in the morning , decrease 10%, 15%, 16kin in the afternoon, and decrease 19%, 23%, 11 km in the afternoon respectively. According to the results of comparison of IGS GIMs during SSW and no SSW days, the main difference occurs in the middle and low latitude region, moves along with UT time and corresponds to the position of ionospheric anomaly. It also can be found that increase of TEC （VTEC and IGS TEC） is stronger in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere during the morning time. Furthermore, the phenomenon that NmF2, hmF2 and TEC （VTEC and IGS TEC） are decreased in the night hours has never been mentioned by previous studies. So altimeter observations by the OSTM/JASON-2 satellite are used for further verification and the phenomenon is validated at last.

关 键 词：平流层突然增温 电离层响应 COSMIC KRIGING方法 IGS GIMs OSTM/JASON-2 

分 类 号：P352[天文地球—空间物理学]