不同级别药用菊花种苗与植株生长及药材产量和品质关系研究  

Relationship between seedling grade and plant growth,yield and quality of medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium

作　　者：毛鹏飞[1] 汪涛[1] 郭巧生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中药材研究所,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2012年第13期1922-1927,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI06A12-11);国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2009ZX09308-002)

摘　　要：目的:研究不同级别药用菊花种苗与植株生长、药材产量和品质的影响,为药用菊花规范化栽培提供依据。方法:对药用菊花种苗的株高、地径、根长、全株重、地上部分重、地下部分重和高径比7个形态指标进行检测,并进行主成分分析和相关性分析确定分级指标,采用逐步聚类分析方法聚类分级;进行不同等级种苗盆栽试验,对植株生长指标,药材产量和品质指标进行测定。结果:确立以苗高和地径为种苗分级的质量指标,并初步制定了药用菊花种苗质量分级标准;不同级别药用菊花种苗对植株生长、药材外观形态和产量有影响,Ⅰ级苗和Ⅱ级苗的地径和分枝数要多于Ⅲ级苗,而Ⅲ级苗的株高要比Ⅰ级苗和Ⅱ级苗要高。Ⅰ级苗和Ⅱ级苗分枝数多,花心直径和管状花数显著大于Ⅲ级苗,药材产量也显著高于Ⅲ级苗药材产量。而对药材内在品质无明显影响。结论:移栽时种苗以Ⅰ级苗和Ⅱ级苗为佳。Objective： To provide the basis for standardization cultivation of medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium, the rela- tionship between the seedling grading and plant growth, yield and quality were studied. Method ： The morphological index of the seed- lings was measured and the method of principal component and correlation analysis were used to determine the grading index, and step- wise cluster analysis was applied for clustering analysis. Pot experiments were used to measure the indicators of plant growth and devel- opment, yield and quality. Result ： The height and ground diameter were determined for the quality indicators of the seedlings grading, and the standard quality grading of seedlings of Ch. morifolium was initially set up. The ground diameter of the class I and Ⅱ were lar- ger than that of the class Ⅲ, and the number of branches of class Ⅰand Ⅱ was more than that of the class Ⅲ, on the contrary, the plant height of the class Ⅲ was higher than that of the class Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The shape and appearance of the plant had no effect on the intrinsic quality. Flower center diameter and tubular floret number of the class Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly larger than those of the class Ⅲ, so as the yield. The seedling grading had no obvious effect on the internal quality of medicinal material. Conclusion： Seedlings of the class Ⅰand class Ⅱ were suitable for transplanting.

关 键 词：药用菊花 种苗 分级 逐步聚类 生长发育 产量 内在品质 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]