花期喷施营养元素及生长调节物质对油茶坐果率的影响  

The Effect of Spraying Nutrient Elements and Growth Regulators at Bloom on Fruit Setting Rate of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：高超[1] 袁德义[1] 袁军[2] 廖婷[1] 邹锋[2] 段伟华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2012年第3期505-510,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基基金项目(31170639)

摘　　要：以11年生普通油茶为试材,采用单因子和正交设计的方法,于盛花期喷施不同浓度及配比的营养元素及植物生长调节物质,研究不同喷施物质对油茶坐果率的影响。结果表明:单因子施用时,与对照相比,喷施0.05 g/L KH_2PO_4坐果率最高,达29.6%,较对照净增19.3%,增幅为187.4%;喷施1.0 mg/L 2,4-D坐果率为27.4%,较对照净增27.1%,增幅为263.1%。正交组合施用时,与对照相比,喷施0.05 g/LCO(NH_2)_2+0.15 g/L KH_2PO_4+0.15g/L H_3BO_3+0.10g/L MgCl_2坐果率最高,达51.5%,较对照净增41.2%,增幅达400.0%;喷施5 mg/L IAA+10mg/LGA3+10 mg/L AsA坐果率为40.2%,较对照净增29.9%,增幅为290.3%。盛花期采用适宜浓度及配比的营养元素及调节物质能显著提高油茶的坐果率。Using 11-year-old Camellia oleifera as the test material,the effects of spraying different concentrations and combinations of nutrient elements and growth regulators at bloom on fruit setting rate of Camellia oleifera were studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The results showed that according to the single factor experiment,spraying 0.05 g/L KH_2PO_4 had the highest fruit setting rate of 29.6% compared to the control,which gave a net increase of 19.3%.The increase range was 187.4%.The fruit setting rate of spraying 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D was 27.4%,which gave a net increase of 27.1%.The increase amplitude was 263.1%.According to the orthogonal experiment,spraying 0.05 g/L CO（NH_2）_2＋0.15 g/L KH_2PO_4＋0.15 g/L H_3BO_3＋0.10 g/L MgCl_2 had the highest fruit setting rate of 51.5%compared to the control,which gave a net increase of 41.2%.The increase range was 400.0%.The fruit setting rate of spraying 5 mg/L IAA＋10 mg/L GA^3＋10 mg/L AsA was 40.2%,which gave a net increase of 29.9%.The increase range was 290.3%.The fruit setting rate of Camellia oleifera was significantly increased by spraying suitable concentrations and combinations of nutrient elements and growth regulators at bloom.

关 键 词：油茶 营养元素 植物生长调节物质 坐果率 

分 类 号：S794.404[农业科学—林木遗传育种]