180例出生缺陷儿危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors of birth defect in 180 cases

作　　者：季静敏 鲁巧珍 何萍 黄璧琨 

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区妇幼保健院,上海200051

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2012年第3期354-356,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的分析引起出生缺陷儿的危险因素。方法用病例对照的研究方法，比较分析180例出生缺陷儿（其中133例活产缺陷儿、47例引产缺陷儿）与180例出生正常儿的母亲年龄、母亲职业、初次孕检孕周、孕早期疾病史、产前检查次数、妊娠期用药、妊娠合并症并发症、异常孕产史、缺陷家族史、接触有毒有害物史、父亲年龄、父亲职业等因素的差异。结果单因素分析显示以下5个因素在病例组和正常组之间存在显著性差异：母亲平均年龄（t=3．255，P=0．001）、父亲平均年龄（t=2．047，P：0．041）、母亲职业（Xz=11．016，P=0．026）、异常孕产史（Х^2=5．767，P=0．016）、缺陷家族史（r=4．405，P=0．044）；多因素回归分析母亲职业（教育）为保护因素。结论出生缺陷儿的发生与多因素有关，与父母亲年龄、母亲职业、异常孕产史、缺陷家族史相关。Objective To analyze the risk factors of birth defect （BD）. Methods With case-control method 180 cases with birth defect and 180 normal newborns were selected through the medical history review. The differences in maternal age, maternal occupation, first check gestational age, medical history at early stage of pregnancy, antenatal examination times, drug use at pregnant period, pregnancy complications, history of abnormal pregnancy and delivery, family history of congenital defects, history of exposing to toxic and harmful substances, paternal age, paternal occupation and etc. between them were analyzed. Results Univariate analysis revealed that five factors were different between case group and control group： the average age of mother （ t = 3. 255, P = 0. 001 ）, the average age of father（ t = 2. 047, P =0. 041）, maternaloccupation＂ （X2 = 11. 016, P = 0. 026） , history of abnormal pregnancy and delivery （X^2 = 5. 767 , P = 0. 016）, and family history of congenital defects （X^2 = 4. 405, P = 0. 044）. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that maternal occupation （education） was protective factor. Conclusion BD is caused by complicated factors, including age of parents, maternal occupation, history of abnormal pregnancy and delivery and family history of congenital defects.

关 键 词：出生缺陷儿 母亲年龄 父亲年龄 异常孕产史 缺陷家族史 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]