河北杨胚囊发育的细胞学观察  

Cytological Observations on the Development of Populus hopeiensis Embryo Sac

作　　者：索玉静[1] 王君[1] 康向阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室/林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第16期36-41,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(HJ2010-15);国家自然科学基金(31000306);林业公益性行业科研专项(20100400900-3)

摘　　要：诱导胚囊染色体加倍是一种高效的杨树多倍体诱导途径,为确定河北杨胚囊染色体加倍的最佳处理时机,采用石蜡切片方法对河北杨(Populus hopeiensis)胚囊与合子发育进程进行观察。结果表明:河北杨胚囊发育属于典型的蓼型发育模式;其发育进程既表现出一定的时序相关性,又具有极强的不同步性;在河北杨胚囊发育后期及合子发育过程中出现大量异常现象,大部分成熟胚囊和未成熟胚囊退化,形成空胚囊或具有异常结构的胚囊,只有极少数成熟胚囊能完成双受精作用并形成合子,考虑到新疆杨花粉可在河北杨柱头上正常萌发,推测胚囊退化可能是引起河北杨胚胎败育的主要原因。It’s an efficient way to get polyploidy by inducing the embryo sac chromosome doubling in Populus. In order to confirm the handling time of inducing the P. hopeiensis embryo sac chromosome doubling, development of embryo sac and zygote of P. hopeiensis were studied. The results showed that developmental process of embryo sac of P. hopeiensis was typical Polygonum type; the process not only was correlated with the development period, but also had a strong asynchronism. At the later period of embryo sac development and the process of zygote development, a large number of abnormalities were observed. Most mature and immature embryo sacs became vestigial, and developed into empty embryo sac or embryo sac with exceptional structure. Double fertilization and zygotic formation were infrequent. Taking into account the pollen of P. bolleana normal germination on stigma of P. hopeiensis, it suggested that embryo sac degradation might be the main reason for embryo abortion of P. hopeiensis.

关 键 词：河北杨 胚囊 合子 发育 胚胎败育 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]