线纹尖塘鳢(♀)、云斑尖塘鳢(♂)及其杂交、回交子代遗传变异的微卫星分析  

Microsatellite Marker Analysis of Genetic Variation in Hybrid Progenies and Backcross Progenies from Oxyeleotris lineolatus(♀) and Oxyeleotris marmoratus(♂)

作　　者：朱晓平[1,2] 骆剑[2] 尹绍武[1] 胡亚丽[1] 胡静[1,2] 祝斐[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京2100461 [2]海南大学海洋学院,海口570228

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第17期147-153,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家星火计划项目"笋壳鱼优良品种培育与应用示范"(2011GA690368);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目"笋壳鱼优质苗种规模化繁育与高效养殖推广示范"(2010GB2E200377);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目"河川沙塘鳢遗传改良与优良品种培育"(CX(11)1037);南京师范大学高层次人才科研启动基金项目"云斑尖塘鳢微卫星分子标记的开发与群体的遗传多样性分析"(2011104XGQ0071)

摘　　要：为选育出生长快、外形美、耐粗饲、易起捕的尖塘鳢属鱼类新品种。本研究用20对微卫星引物对线纹尖塘鳢(♀)、云斑尖塘鳢(♂)及其杂交、回交子代的遗传变异进行分析。结果表明:20对引物在4个群体中共检测出87个等位基因,平均等位基因数以线纹尖塘鳢最低(1.6087),杂交子代F1最高(2.9130);平均有效等位基因数依次为云斑尖塘鳢(2.2570)>杂交子代F1(2.1516)>回交子代F2(2.1061)>线纹尖塘鳢(1.5164);在4个群体中平均观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)和香农指数(I*)4个参数的变化范围分别为:0.4891～0.7767、0.2714～0.5193、0.3473～0.4458、0.3662～0.7993。其中,各参数均为线纹尖塘鳢群体最低,平均观测杂合度和香农指数杂交子代F1最高,平均期望杂合度回交子代F2最高,多态信息含量云斑尖塘鳢群体最高,且各群体的平均观测杂合度均高于平均期望杂合度;哈代—温伯格平衡的x2检验结果表明:绝大多数位点发生了偏离(P<0.05);根据Nei’s遗传距离建立的UPGMA聚类图表明:杂交子代F1和回交子代F2聚为一支后再与线纹尖塘鳢聚为一支,而云斑尖塘鳢为另一支,并且无论是杂交还是回交均表现了一定的母本效应。Abstract： For the breeding of Oxyeleotris new varieties with fast growth, appearance beautiful, crude feed tolerance and easy to catch up, 20 pairs of microsatellite primers were used to study genetic variation of Oxyeleotris lineolatus （♀）, Oxyeleot^s marmoratus （♂）, their hybrid progenies and hackcross progenies. The results indicated as follows： Ninety-five alleles in total were detected from four stocks, the lowest average numbers of alleles was in O. lineolatus stock （1.6087）, and the highest was in hybrid progeniey stock （2.9130）. The average effective number of alleles was O. marmoratus （2.2570）〉hybrid progeniey F1 （2.1516） 〉baekeross progeniey ]7＇2 （2.1061）〉O. lineolatus （1.5164）. The mean levels of observed heterozygosity （Ho）, expected heterozygosity （He）, polymorphism information content （PIC） and Shannon （1~ in four stocks were 0.4891-0.7767, 0.2714-0.5193, 0.3473-0.4458 and 0.3662-0.7993, respectively. Among all parameters, theO. lineoIatus stock was always the lowest, the highest average observed heterozygosity and Shannon appeared in the hybrid progeniey FI stock, the highest levels of average expected heterozygosity and average polymorphism information content were in backcross progeniey F2 stocks and O.marmoratus stocks, in addition, all stocks＇ average observed heterozygosities were higher than their average expected heterozygosities. Chi-square tests showed that most loci were deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （P〈O.05）. An UPGMA tree which on a basis of Nei＇s genetic distance demonstrated that the hybrid progeniey F1 and backcross progeniey F2 grouped together, and then grouped together with O. lineolatus, 0. marmoratus comprised the other clade. Not only hybrid progenieies but also backcross progenies all showed definite maternal effect.

关 键 词：线纹尖塘鳢 云斑尖塘鳢 杂交子代 回交子代 遗传变异 微卫星标记 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学]