江苏省营运驾驶员艾森克人格问卷调查分析  

Eysenck Personality Questionaire Used in the operating vehicle drivers of jiangsu province

作　　者：邱佩钰[1] 王华容[1] 莫闲[2] 戴家隽[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学航海医学研究所 [2]南通大学心理科学研究所,江苏226001

出　　处：《交通医学》2012年第2期137-140,144,共5页Medical Journal of Communications

基　　金：江苏省交通厅科技项目(10Y24)

摘　　要：目的：调查江苏省营运驾驶员的人格特征并分析其与年龄、驾龄、学历、排行的关系。方法：采用艾森克人格问卷对营运驾驶员2 691名进行团体测验。结果：（1）与普通人群常模相比,营运驾驶员在内外向、掩饰性上的得分较高;在神经质、精神质上的得分较低,差异均有统计学意义。（2）不同年龄组间在E维度和L维度表现比较：35岁及以下、41~45岁与≥46岁驾驶员在E维度比较差异有统计学意义,即随着年龄的增大,掩饰因子得分越高。（3）不同驾龄组仅在L维度上有显著差异,LSD结果显示驾龄低的比驾龄高的掩饰分显著偏低。不同学历组在E、L量表上有显著差异,学历越高越倾向于外向人格,学历越低越倾向于掩饰。（4）出生排行对营运驾驶员人格特征的影响,结果显示独生子与非独生子在E维度上均存在显著性差异,独生子与排行在第三以上的在L维度上存在显著差异。（5）安全组与事故组在神经质和掩饰分上表现出显著性差异,事故组在神经质上得分较高,在L量表上得分较安全组低。（6）营运驾驶员安全行车的影响因素：经模型的错判矩阵分析发现,营运驾驶员事故发生预测准确性达87.4%。人格量表维度中有1个变量进入方程即神经质。建立方程模型如下：Y=2.207-0.024x（x：神经质）。结论：与普通人群相比,江苏省营运驾驶员整体人格特征表现为外向型,稳重、能较好的适应周围的环境。年龄、驾龄、排行对营运驾驶员的人格特征的形成有一定影响。事故组驾驶员更易表现出焦虑、不善于自我控制,社会成熟度不及安全组。Objective：To investigate personality of the operating vehicle drivers in jiangsu province and its relation-ships with age, length of service ,education and only-son. Methods ：2691 operating vehicle drivers were tested in group with Eysenck Personality Questionaire （EPQ）. Result：According to the test among the operating vehicle drivers, scores are all higher than the norm on the dimension of introversion and extroversion, concealing, neuroticism, psychoticism .Besides, significant differences are found in neuroticism, psychoticism（P〈0.01 ）.The date of the test carried out among the operating vehicle drivers of different ages showed significant differences in introversion and extroversion（P〈0.05）,concealing（p〈0.01）. Operators of different age ranges have a significant level in concealing,the longer driving age is,the higher the scores show in concealing .Different educational backgrounds lead to significant level in intervesion and extroversion（P〈0.05）,concealing （P〈0.01）. Between only child and the non-only child,there is a significant level in intervesion and extroversion,concealing （P〈0.01）.The safe group and the accident group show significant differents in neuroticism and concealing （P〈0.01）.The key personality affecting the driving safety is neuroticism. Conclusions：compared with the general, the personalities of those people are more extrovert,steady and had a better suitability with the environment. Age,years of service,sequences of qualifying in family have aspects with that personalities in a extent. Drives who had accidents are more easy to feel anxiety, worse at controling oneselves and a poor degree of ripeness in the society.

关 键 词：营运驾驶员 艾森克人格问卷 人格特征 

分 类 号：R471.3[医药卫生—护理学]