家兔高钾血症心电生理机制的实验研究  

The experimental research of cardiac electrophysiological mechanisms of hyperkalemia in rabbit

作　　者：姜恒[1] 刘鸿[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都医学院检验医学院临床输血教研室,四川成都610083 [2]成都医学院基础医学院临床医学系,四川成都610083

出　　处：《局解手术学杂志》2012年第4期365-368,共4页Journal of Regional Anatomy and Operative Surgery

摘　　要：目的观察家兔高钾血症心电生理特征,研究家兔高钾血症对心脏的毒性作用机制。方法对照组输注0.9%NaCl,记录家兔正常的心电图特征及血钾浓度,实验组分别输注l%、4%、10%KCl溶液(2 mL/kg)复制高钾血症模型,观察家兔心电生理的变化特征,记录输钾前后血钾浓度、吸光度、心率、心电图异常率及各指标之间的变化关系。结果实验组输钾前后血钾浓度、吸光度、心率、心电图异常率、心电图各波形时限及振幅差异有显著变化(P<0.05),随着输钾浓度增高发生高血钾时间缩短,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),实验家兔血钾浓度与心电图诊断高钾血症的一致性良好(P<0.01),在ROC曲线上心电图变异率诊断水平最高(P<0.01),其次为血钾浓度(P<0.05),而心率诊断水平最差(P>0.05),血钾浓度与心电图变异率高度相关(P<0.05),血钾浓度与心率相关性较差(P>0.05)。结论实验家兔高钾血症心电生理机制的研究对临床急性高钾血症的鉴别诊断、及时治疗有重要参考价值。Objective To study the toxic mechanisms of hyperkalemia on the heart in rabbit,by observing the cardiac electrophysiological characteristics of hyperkalemia in rabbit. Methods Record the normal ECG characteristics and serum potassium concentration in rabbit, then copy hyperkalemia model by the infusion of 1% ,4%, 10% KCl solution （2 mL/kg）, observe the changes of cardiac electrophysiology characteristics in rabbit, record serum potassium concentration, absorbance, heart rate, abnormal rate of ECG and the change in the relation- ship between the various indicators before and after the injection of potassium solution. Results The change of the serum potassium concentration, absorbance, heart rate, abnormal rate of ECG, the period and amplitude of ECG waveform in the relationship between the various indicators in the experimental groups were significant variation （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the difference was significant marked with the increasing potassium concentration and a shortening period of hyperkalemia（ P 〈0.05 ）. The consistency between serum potassium and ECG diagnosis of hyperkalemia in experimental rabbit was good （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The diagnosis of hyperkalemia in rabbit by abnormal rate of ECG was highest （ P 〈 0.01 ）, by serum potassium concentration （ P 〈 0.05 ） was high, by the heart rate was much low （ P 〉 0.05 ）. There is a high correlation between serum potassium and abnormal rate of ECG （ P 〈 0.05 ） while a low correlation between serum potassium and heart rate （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The experimental study of cardiac electrophysiological mechanisms of hyperkalemia in rabbit has important reference value in acute hyperkalemia in clinical differential diagnosis and timely treatment.

关 键 词：高钾血症 心电生理 家兔 

分 类 号：R589.4[医药卫生—内分泌] R331.38[医药卫生—内科学]