防化医学研究现状及未来发展策略  

Current situation in chemical defense medicine and strategies for future development

作　　者：王永安[1] 郭磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《军事医学》2012年第6期401-405,共5页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：全军医学科技"十二五"重大项目(AWS11C004-03)

摘　　要：目的总结国内外防化医学研究现状和发展动态,提出未来我国防化医学发展方向和建设重点。方法采用情报调研方法,检索近10年来国内外相关领域研究论文、综述、研究报告和论著,分析该学科领域取得的新进展和发展趋势。结果国外防化医学新进展主要体现在化学战剂现场快速侦检装备研发及在体生物标志物检测技术的建立;在神经性毒剂及全身中毒性毒剂损伤防治药物,以及窒息性毒剂及糜烂性毒剂致伤机制研究上,均取得显著进展,相关创新性研究成果已装备部队。国内防化医学新进展主要包括:基本形成针对重点化学战剂损伤医学防护能力;较好完成防化医学的任务职能定位与转型;将防化医学研究领域由单纯应对化学战拓展至化学突发事件、化学恐怖袭击等非战争军事行动应急医学救援。结论未来的防化医学研究,应以需求为牵引,在注重对传统化学战剂损伤防治药物研究的同时,更加关注非传统化学战剂、化学恐怖剂及军事作业相关毒物损伤效应和防治措施研究。Objective To review and analyze the research and development of chemical defense medicine both at home and abroad in order to pinpoint the direction of research in China.Methods Research papers,reviews,reports and books both in Chinese and English concerning chemical defense medicine published over the past ten years were retrieved and searched.Also,achievements and trends of development in this field were analyzed.Results New progress in chemical defense medicine abroad was manifested in the research and production of quick on-the-spot detection equipment,development of detection technologies for biomarkers caused by chemical agents,prevention and treatment drugs of nerve agents and systematic toxic agents,and in the study on the mechanisms of damage induced by choking and vesicant agents.Some of the above-mentioned achievements have been used in armed forces.By contrast,new progress in researches on chemical defense medicine in China mainly concerns the formation of the ability to counter key chemical agents,enlarging of research fields,and the transition of chemical defense medicine from medical treatment of poisoning caused by purely chemical warfare to emergency response to chemical terrorism and chemical accidents.Conclusion Future research on chemical defense medicine should be demand-guided.While more efforts are to be made in studies on prophylactic and therapeutic drugs for traditional chemical agents,research should focus on the damaging effect,corresponding countermeasures of non-traditional chemical agents,chemical terrorism agents and military operations related poison.

关 键 词：防化医学 化学战剂 非传统化学战剂 化学恐怖剂 

分 类 号：R827.1[医药卫生—临床医学]