一日龄大通牦牛和平原黄牛骨骼肌显微结构的比较  

Comparison of Microscopic Structure of Skeletal Muscle of 1 Day Datong Yak with that of Plain Cattle

作　　者：张勤文[1] 俞红贤[1] 李莉[1] 荆海霞[1] 魏青[1] 牛海林[1] 薛乾[1] 梁林[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院动物医学系,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2012年第7期71-74,共4页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160489);青海大学中青年科研基金项目(2010-QN-10)

摘　　要：为了探讨1日龄大通牦牛骨骼肌组织学特点及对低氧的适应,以平原黄牛为对照,利用光镜和计算机图像分析系统测定骨骼肌肌纤维直径、表面积密度;通过透射电镜比较骨骼肌线粒体的面数密度、面积密度、体积密度、平均体积等结构参数。结果显示,1日龄大通牦牛骨骼肌肌纤维直径显著细于1日龄平原黄牛,表面积密度明显大于平原黄牛,差异极显著(P<0.01);1日龄大通牦牛骨骼肌细胞中线粒体平均体积小于1日龄平原黄牛,并具有极显著差异(P<0.01);而1日龄大通牦牛骨骼肌细胞中线粒体体积密度、面积密度、面数密度均大于1日龄平原黄牛,且差异极显著(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,大通牦牛通过增加骨骼肌线粒体面数密度、面积密度、体积密度,降低线粒体平均体积来提高其在低氧环境中对氧的利用,并且在长期进化中形成了肌纤维直径小,表面积密度大的组织学特点。Histological characteristics and hypoxia adaptive ability of skeletal muscle were studied in 1 day Datong yak using the plain cattle as control. The diameter of muscle fiber and the density of surface area of skeletal muscle were determined using the light microscope and system of image analysis in computer. Parameters of average sur- face area and numerical density, the volume density, surface density and average volume of mitochondria in skeletal muscle were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that, the diameter of skeletal muscle fiber in 1 day yak was significantly slender than that in 1 day plain cattle, the density of surface area of skeletal muscle in 1 day age yak was significantly higher than that in 1 day plain cattle（P^0.01）, the average vol- ume of mitochondria in skeletal muscle cell of 1 day age yak was significantly smaller than that of 1 day plain cattle （P〈0. 01）, the volume density , surface density and average surface area and numerical density of mitoehondria in skeletal muscle cell of 1 day age yak were higher that of 1 day plain cattle（P〈0.01）. Utilizing capacity of oxygen of Datong yak was improved by increased average surface area and numerical density, surface density and the vol- ume density, decreased average volume of mitochondria in skeletal muscle cell in hypoxia environment. The char- acters of smaller diameter fiber and higher surface density of muscle were formed in Datong yak in the long term e- volution.

关 键 词：高原牦牛 平原黄牛 骨骼肌 低氧适应 

分 类 号：S852.162[农业科学—基础兽医学] S858.23[农业科学—兽医学]