扰动土与非硬化道路侵蚀产沙规律研究  

Research on Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield of Disturbed Soil and Unpaved Roads

作　　者：秦百顺[1,2] 李占斌[1,3] 李鹏[1] 刘海波 李斌斌 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]北京水保生态工程咨询有限公司,北京100053 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2012年第2期138-144,共7页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD31B01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40971161);中国科学院知识创新工程重大资助项目(KZZD-EW-04-03);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201201084)

摘　　要：对扰动土与非硬化道路土壤侵蚀规律进行了研究。通过野外放水冲刷试验,分析扰动土与非硬化道路含沙量、产沙速率与冲刷流量之间的关系。扰动土的含沙量呈下降趋势变化,非硬化路面的含沙量在某一水平线上下波动;不同坡度下平均含沙量随放水冲刷流量变化不同,基本上呈上升趋势,有平缓式上升、快速上升、梯形上升。扰动土累计产沙量呈抛物线式上升,非硬化道路累计产沙量呈直线上升;在部分坡度下,扰动土与非硬化道路的产沙速率相近;不同坡度平均产沙速率随放水流量的增长速度不同;特别是扰动土坡面坡度大于11°,产沙速率有大幅度的增长,工程建设中应特别注意扰动土坡度大于11°的坡面。Soil erosion rules of disturbed soil and unpaved roads are studied through field scouring experiment.The relationships among the sediments contents of disturbed soil and unpaved roads,sediment production rate and scouring flow are analyzed.Results indicated that the sediment contents of disturbed soil tend to fall.While the sediment contents of unpaved road surface fluctuate on a certain horizontal line.In the case of different slope degrees,the average sediment contents vary differently with the changes in scouring flow charges,but appear to have the upward tendencies including the flat upward,the fast upward and the ladder upward.The cumulative sediment production of disturbed soil appears to have the parabola rising,and the cumulative sediment production of unpaved road appears to have the straight line rising.In the case of the part slop degrees,the sediment production rates of disturbed soil and unpaved road are similar.The average sediment production rates under the different slope degrees are different with an increase in the scouring flow charges.Particularly with the slope degree of disturbed soil of over 11°,the sediment production rate will increase by a wide margin.Accordingly,great attention should be paid to the slope degree of over 11°of disturbed soil in engineering construction.

关 键 词：扰动土 非硬化道路 侵蚀 产沙 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]