几种替代植物对入侵杂草紫茎泽兰的防控效果  

Control Effect of Several Replacement Plants on Invasive Weed Eupatorium adenophorum

作　　者：卢向阳[1] 张锦华[2] 左相兵[2] 刘冰[1] 郑雅婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京100097 [2]贵州省农业科学院草业研究所,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2012年第6期103-106,109,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项"入侵植物综合防控技术研究与示范推广"(201103027)

摘　　要：为筛选适宜山地替代控制紫茎泽兰的优良物种,对贵州多种具有经济价值的替代植物进行了生态适应性、竞争力和防控效果试验。结果表明:种植当年宽叶雀稗和拉巴豆的盖度分别为100%和93%,较多年生黑麦草分别提高3.70倍和3.44倍;与紫茎泽兰竞争的相对拥挤系数分别为7.09和22.78,较多年生黑麦草分别提高2.43倍和7.80倍;挖除法替代植物宽叶雀稗和拉巴豆的防控效果分别为99.3%和96.9%,刈割法替代植物的防控效果均低于66.4%;宽叶雀稗种植次年的越冬率可达95%,盖度达100%,防控效果达99%以上,具有很好的持续控制作用;拉巴豆在北纬26.2°以北地区难以越冬,只能作一年生替代植物应用;非洲狗尾草、木豆等其他供试替代植物的盖度均小于90%,对紫茎泽兰的防控效果较差。To select the suitable plant species to control E. adenophorurn in hilly area, the ecological adaptability, competitiveness and efficacy of a variety of replacement plants with economic value were studied in Guizhou. The results showed that the coverage of Paspalum wetsfeteini and Dolichos lablab were 100% and 93%, which increased by 3. 70 and 3. 44 times compared with Lolium perenne; Their relative crowding coefficient were 7.09 and 22.78 respectively, which increased by 2.43 and 7.80 times competed with E. adenophorum. Using the excavation method their replacement control efficacy were 99.3% and 96.9X, respectively, and using the cutting method their efficacy was lower than 66.4%. The wintering rate of P. wetsfeteini was 95% and its E. adenophorum remained at 99%, which indicated coverage was still 100% its efficacy of control on its good sustainable control effect. The wintering of D. lablab was difficult in the north region beyond N 26.2° and the plant could only be applied for annual replacement. The coverage of Setaria anceps, Cajanus cajan and other test plants were less than 90% and had a poor efficacy of control on E. adenophorum.

关 键 词：外来入侵杂草 紫茎泽兰 替代控制 宽叶雀稗 拉巴豆 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]