贵州茂兰自然保护区粉蝶资源的调查及多样性研究  

Study on Resources and Diversity of Pieridae in Maolan Nature Reserve

作　　者：陈嶙[1] 严学萍[1] 熊洪林[1] 覃龙江[2] 熊志斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]黔南民族师范学院生命科学系,贵州都匀558000 [2]贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区,贵州荔波558400

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2012年第6期110-114,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黔南民族师范学院项目"贵州茂兰蝶类多样性研究"(QNSY201015)

摘　　要：为了科学保护和合理利用茂兰自然保护区的蝶类资源,采用野外考察、标本采集、分类鉴定和资料考证相结合的方法,于2010年6月—2011年6月对该保护区的粉蝶资源进行了调查和整理,并对其区系组成、生境类型的粉蝶多样性和均匀度进行了分析。结果表明:1)从茂兰自然保护区采集的粉蝶共有12属24种,加上前人采集记录的茂兰自然保护区粉蝶总计有15属34种,其中,玕黄粉蝶属(Gandaca)和锯粉蝶属(Prioneris)为茂兰新记录属,梨花迁粉蝶(Catopsilia pyranthe)、尖角黄粉蝶(Eurema laeta)、檗黄粉蝶(E.blanda)、玕黄粉蝶(Gandaca harina)、报喜斑粉蝶(Delias pasithoe)、雷震尖粉蝶(Appias indra)、兰姬尖粉蝶(A.lalage)、锯粉蝶(Prioneris thestylis)和绿云粉蝶(Pontia chloridice)9个种为茂兰新记录种。2)区系组成以广布种粉蝶占优势;地理种群主要由华中区和华南区2个种群组成,与保护区所处的地理位置相符合。3)5种生境类型中的粉蝶属数、种数、个体数及优势种群均以Ⅰ型生境最多。4)多样性指数(H)以Ⅱ型生境最高,Ⅰ型次之;均匀度指数以Ⅳ型生境(J)最高,Ⅲ型次之;多样性指数与均匀度指数均最低的为Ⅴ型生境。说明,粉蝶对人类活动和植被类型的依赖性较大。In order to scientifically protect and effectively utilize the butterfly resources, Pieridae resources in Maolan Nature Reserve were investigated and analyzed by way of wild observation, specimen collection, species identification and datum consultation from June 2010 to June 2011. The results show that： 1） 24 species from 12 genera in Pieridae were collected in Maolan Nature Reserve, of which 34 species from 15 genera in Pieridae were recorded based on the collections and the former documents published. Gandaca and Prioneris are the newly-recorded genera and Catopsilia pyranthe, Eurema laeta, E. blanda, Gandaca harina , Delias pasithoe , Appias indra , A. lalage, Prioneris thestylis and Pontia chloridice are the newly-recorded species in Maolan. 2） The widely spread species are superior to the Oriental ones in the zoogeographic of the world by faunal analysis. In the zoogeographic of China the species are mainly concentrated in Central China and south China, which is corresponding with the geographic situation. 3） There are the most genera, species, individuals and dominant populations in Tape I of five habitat types. 4） According to the analysis of Pieridae diversity and evenness of the five habitat types, the species diversity index（H） of Tape II is the highest, then Type I ,and the evenness（J） of Tape IV is the highest, then Tape HI. The species diversity index（H） and the evenness（J） of Tape V are the lowest, which implied that butterflies of Pieridae more depended on activities of human beings and vegetation forms.

关 键 词：粉蝶资源 区系分析 生境类型 物种多样性 茂兰自然保护区 贵州 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]