大亚湾核电站余氯排放对邻近海域环境的影响  

Environmental effects of residual chlorine discharged from Daya Bay nuclear power station on the adjacent waters

作　　者：张穗[1] 黄洪辉[2] 陈浩如[1] 彭云辉[1] 王肇鼎[1] 方正信 高红莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2000年第2期14-18,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省环保基金!资助项目 (粤环 1 997 0 8)

摘　　要：对大亚湾核电站冷却水排放口及邻近海域海水中余氯污染状况进行了调查 ,结果表明 :余氯的含量为<0 0 1～ 0 0 4mg·L- 1 ,各季节平均水平为 0 0 1～ 0 0 2mg·L- 1 ,冬季较高。余氯在海水中的形态为化合态。选择若干养殖经济动物进行了余氯毒性胁迫试验。以 0 5为安全因子 ,余氯胁迫作用时间不超过 30min时 ,游离余氯对平鲷、黑鲷仔鱼的安全容许浓度约为 0 1 0mg·L- 1 ,对斑节对虾幼苗为 0 86mg·L- 1 ;余氯胁迫作用不超过 60min时 ,化合态余氯对平鲷、黑鲷仔鱼的安全容许浓度约为 0 30mg·L- 1 ,对斑节对虾幼苗约为 2 86mg·L- 1 。两种形态的余氯对合浦珠母贝受精卵卵裂都有抑制作用 ,游离态余氯的抑制作用比化合态强。由于核电站邻近水域余氯含量水平较低 ,尚不致对生态环境产生明显的影响。Surveys on pollution of residual chlorine discharged from the cooling seawater outlet of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (DBNPS) were carried out. It shown that the content of residual chlorine in the seawaters near the outlet varied from <0 01 to 0 04 mg·L -1 , the seasonal averages were from 0 01 to 0 02 mg·L -1 and the higher content of residual chlorine occurred in winter. The main form of residual chlorine is combined residual chlorine (CRC), while the free residual chlorine (FRC) is minor. Several important economic animals, juveniles of stumpnose bream ( Rhabdosargus sarba ), black porgy ( Sparus macrocephalus ), larvae of prawn ( Penaeus monodon ) and the fertilized eggs of pearl ( Pinctada martensii ), were stressed by FRC and CRC respectively, in order to evaluate the toxic effects of residual chlorine on these animals. The safe level of FRC for juveniles of stumpnose bream, black porgy and larvae of prawn (under the stress of FRC for 30 min) are 0 10 mg·L -1 and 0 86 mg·L -1 ; while the safe level of CRC are 0 30 mg·L -1 and 2 86 mg·L -1 (under the stress of CRC for 60 min). Besides, it was found that cleavage process of the fertilized eggs of Pinctada martensii can be depressed under the stress of the two forms of residual chlorine, the depressing effects of FRC was strong than CRC. Since the residual chlorine content near the DBNPS was low, the effects of residual chlorine on the eco environment was not significance.

关 键 词：核电站 余氯 毒性试验 海洋污染 

分 类 号：X550.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X570.1