典型气象条件筛选及其在危险化学品事故泄漏大气污染预案管理中的应用  

The Screening of Typical Meteorological Conditions and Its Application to the Pre-arranged Planning Management for Air Pollution Due to Hazardous Chemical Accidental Leakage

作　　者：唐靖寅[1] 余琦[1] 张艳[1] 马蔚纯[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2012年第3期357-362,共6页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2007AA06A401)

摘　　要：依据影响大气污染扩散的主要气象参数,选用两个独立变量,即风速、地面气温以及一个综合变量:大气稳定度为主要依据,采用5年常规气象资料,筛选和确定研究区域15类典型气象条件.采用扩散模型、火灾爆炸模型模拟计算3个风险源6个事故案例在不同典型气象条件下对周边人员的伤害半径.并将计算结果编制成事故风险档案库,成为危险化学品事故泄漏大气污染预案的重要组成部分.这将有利于决策者在发生事故时,快速获取各种事故情景人员伤害范围的初步信息,在第一时间为应急决策提供重要的参考数据.According to the main meteorological parameters which influence atmospheric pollution diffusion, two independent variables： wind speed and surface air temperature, and one integrated variable： atmospheric stability, were selected to screen and determine the 15 categories of typical meteorological conditions based on the routine meteorological data in the research area. Based on the research work above, diffusion models, fire and explosion models were used to simulate the injury radius of six accident scenarios of 3 risk sources under different typical meteorological conditions. The results were compiled into the accident risk archive libraries, which became the important part of the pre-arranged plan for air pollution due to hazardous chemical accidental leakage. It will help the decision makersto get the preliminary information of iniury extent quickly when an accident happen and provide important reference data as quickly as possible in the emergency response.

关 键 词：典型气象条件 危险化学品 事故泄漏 应急预案 风险档案库 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]