不同固定血管通路方法在血透患者中的应用  

Application of the different methods of fixing vascular access for hemodialysis patients

作　　者：黄文娟[1] 吴映华[2] 钟晓珊[2] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院第一附属医院护理部,广东汕头515041 [2]汕头大学医学院第一附属医院血液净化中心,广东汕头515041

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2012年第20期119-120,共2页China Medical Herald

摘　　要：目的探讨不同固定血透血管通路的方法与效果。方法选取血透患者72例,随机分为常规组、实验组1和实验组2三组,各24例。穿刺成功后,常规组用3M医用透明胶带横贴及交叉于穿刺针翼上,再用1块无菌纱布覆盖并固定于针眼上方;实验组1用一3M医用透明胶带固定穿刺针翼,再将3M静脉输液固定护贴撕成二条,带小纱布的一条固定于穿刺针眼上,另一条固定管道;实验组2用3M敷料贴固定穿刺针头,再用一3M医用透明胶带固定管道。观察各组针头移位、脱落、局部血肿发生率及固定操作时间。结果三组针头移位、脱落及局部血肿发生率常规组与实验组1比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);常规组与实验组2比较,实验组1与实验组2比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组固定操作时间比较差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),实验组1护理效果最优。结论采用3M静脉输液固定护贴固定血透患者的血管通路,操作简单、经济,观察方便,效果满意。Objective To investigate the different methods of fixing vascular access for hemodialysis and their effects. Methods 72 hemodialysis patients were divided into routine group, the experimental group 1 and Group 2, and there were 24 patients per group. After successful puncture, routine group affixed 3M transparent adhesive tape to the puncture needle wing transversely and crosswise, then fixedly cover the eye of needle with a sterile gauze; Group 1 affixed 3M transparent adhesive tape to the puncture needle wing, then tore 3M venous transfusion fixing protective plaster into two, one with a small gauze was fixed on the needle, the other one was fixed on pipeline; Group 2 affixed 3M medical dressing to the puncture needle, then fixed on pipeline with 3M transparent adhesive tape. The observation items included the incidence of needle displacement, shedding, local hematoma and the fixed operating time. Results Making the respective comparison of the incidence of needle displacement, shedding, local hematoma among the three groups： there was statistical significance between routine group and Group 1 （P 〈 0.05）, while there was no significant difference between routine group and group 2, also between Group 1 and Group 2 （P 〉 0.05）. There was significant difference in the fixed operating time among the three groups （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion It＇s simple, economic, convenient and satisfactory to use 3M venous transfusion fixing protective plaster to fix vascular access for hemodialysis.

关 键 词：血透 血管通路 固定方法 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]