山东省烟草根际土壤真菌多样性研究  

A Study on Fungal Diversity in Tobacco Rhizosphere Soil in Shandong Province

作　　者：王娜[1,2] 吕国忠[2] 孙晓东[2] 慕东艳[1,2] 赵志慧[2] 王凤龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,大连116029 [2]大连民族学院环境与资源学院,大连116600 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101

出　　处：《菌物研究》2012年第1期31-35,40,共6页Journal of Fungal Research

基　　金：全国烟草有害生物调查研究项目

摘　　要：为了有助于研究烟草根际土壤真菌与根茎病害发生程度的相互关系,文中对采自山东省6个地区的122份烟草根际土壤样品进行了真菌的分离和培养,采用形态学方法进行鉴定,并分析了菌群的多样性组成。从山东烟草根际土壤中分离和鉴定出真菌22属79种,其中接合菌门4属6种,子囊菌门1属1种,无性型真菌17属72种。优势真菌种群为青霉属(Penicillium)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、镰孢菌属(Fusarium)和曲霉属(As-pergillus),所占分离真菌总菌数的比例分别为22.39%、13.62%、12.69%和9.88%。6个采样地区间真菌菌群的多样性水平存在差异,其中诸城地区的多样性指数(H′=2.066 6)、均匀度指数(J=0.689 8)和丰富度指数(R=3.730 1)均最高。In order six areas of tobacco to explore the relationship of tobacco rhizosphere soil fungi and diseases, we selected fields in Shandong province to conduct the investigation of rhizosphere soil fungal diversity. In 2010 summer, 122 soil samples were collected and investigated by means of soil dilution plate method, totally 536 fungal isolates were obtained. From them, 79 fungal species belonging to 22 genera were morphologically identified, including 6 species belonging to 4 genera of Zygomycota, 1 species belonging to one genus of Ascomycota, and 72 species belonging to 17 genera of anamorphic fungi. The fungal population analysis indicates that Penicillium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus and Fusarium were the dom- inant fungal groups in tobacco-growing soil, which account for 22.39%, 13.22%, 12.69% and 9.88% respectively. The fungal diversities in tobacco rhizosphere soil in Shandong province were significantly different in the six soil-sampling regions. Zhucheng was the highest in Shannon diversity index （H＇ = 2.066 6）, Pielou evenness index （ J = 0. 689 8） and the highest in Margalef richness index （ R = 3.730 1）. It is concluded that fungi diversity is plentiful in tobacco rhizospheric soil and the mycobiota are different in various tobacco growing areas. More fungal species in tobacco rhizosphere soil are of potential significance in biological control of tobacco soil-borne diseases.

关 键 词：烟草 土壤微生物 区系 分类 山东省 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学] S572[农业科学—烟草工业]