社区获得性感染病原菌构成及药敏分析  

Pathogens causing community-acquired infections and drug susceptibility

作　　者：孙永芳[1] 李静[1] 丁燕[1] 张进[1] 陈荣久 冯登福 喻华[2] 乔宁[2] 王勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]什邡市人民医院检验科,四川什邡618400 [2]四川省人民医院检验科,四川成都610000 [3]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院,北京100038

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第14期3183-3185,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的监测社区获得性感染病原菌构成及体外药物敏感性,为临床用药提供依据。方法收集医院内及院外感染患者送检标本,从中分离出的病原菌,按照社区感染诊断标准,确定为社区获得并进行鉴定和药物敏感性分析。结果共分离病原菌184株,其中革兰阳性球菌75株,革兰阴性杆菌107株,革兰阴性球菌2株;革兰阳性球菌前2位是肺炎链球菌33株占44.0%、金黄色葡萄球菌24株占32.0%;革兰阴性杆菌前2位分别为肺炎克雷伯菌45株占41.3%、大肠埃希菌25株占22.9%;革兰阳性球菌耐药率最高的是磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶为82.5%,最低的是万古霉素为0;革兰阴性菌中肠杆菌科细菌耐药率最高的是氨苄西林为97.3%,最低的是厄他培南为0;嗜血菌属耐药率最高的是头孢克洛为84.6%,最低的是阿莫西林/克拉维酸为0。结论社区感染病原菌构成复杂,耐药率不同,病原菌的分离及药物敏感性检测,是控制感染的最有效途径。OBJECTIVE To monitor the pathogens causing community-acquired infections and in vitro drug susceptibility testing so as to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The specimens were collected from the patients with the targeted monitoring diseases,the bacteria were isolated,the infections caused by those isolates were defined community-acquired according to community-infection diagnostic criteria,the isolates were identified and the drug susceptibility was analyzed.RESULTS There were totally 184 strains of bacteria isolated,including 75 strains of gram-positive cocci,107 strains of gram-negative bacilli,and 2 strains of gram-negative cocci;the top 2 gram-positive cocci respectively were Streptococcus pneumoniae（33 strains,44.0%） and Staphylococcus aureus（24 strains,32.0%）,the top 2 gram-negative bacilli respectively were Klebsiella pneumoniae（45 strains,41.3%） and Escherichia coli（25 strains,22.9%）;in vitro drug susceptibility testing demonstrated that the average drug resistance rate of gram-positive cocci to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was the highest（82.5%）,the vancomycin was the lowest（0%）;the average drug resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae among gram-negative bacteria to ampicillin was the highest（97.3%）,the ertapenam was the lowest（0）;the drug resistance rate of Haemophilus to cefaclor was the highest（84.6%）,amoxicillin/clavulanic was the lowest（0）.CONCLUSION The pathogens causing community-acquired infections are complex and vary in drug resistance,the isolation of the pathogens and the test of drug susceptibility are the most effective ways to control the infections.

关 键 词：社区获得性感染 病原菌 药物敏感性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]