土壤水热耦合模型在三江源冻土活动层水热变化中的应用  

Application of Coupled Heat and Moisture Model in Permafrost Active Layer of Three Rivers Source Areas for Simulating Moisture and Heat Transfer

作　　者：吴晓玲[1,2] 向小华[1,2] 王船海[1,2] 邵全琴[3] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]中国科学院地理与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2012年第7期130-135,共6页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51009045,51190091,40930635,51079038);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)基金资助项目(2009CB421105);水利部公益性行业科研专项基金资助项目(201101024,201101224);海洋公益性行业科研专项基金资助项目(200905013-8);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2009B06614,2010B00414)

摘　　要：为揭示青海三江源区水文活动规律,描述季节性冻土分布区内冻、融变化过程中土壤内部热量交换和水分迁移等物理过程,采用有限体积法离散热传导方程和非饱和土壤水运动方程并对其进行耦合求解,建立了冻土区土壤水热耦合模型。利用2005～2007年间9个测站的土壤水热观测资料,从不同角度分析了冻土活动层内的土壤水热特征,对土壤融化深度、表层土壤温度及表层土壤含水量等变化过程的模拟验证结果表明,该模型的模拟结果符合当地的水热运动规律。并定量分析检验了模型方法的有效性,揭示了三江源区的土壤水热运动规律,为该地区的生态系统服务提供了有力的支持。Heat and moisture transfer in soil play an important role in hydrological activity of seasonal frozen region especially for three rivers sources area during freezing thawing processes. Heat conduction equation and unsaturated soil fluid mass conservation equation are used to describing this physical process. A numerical modeling of soil water and heat transfer is established with coupled full-implicit finite volume scheme. Nine observed stations of this region are selected and the heat and moisture observed data from 2005 to 2007 are analyzed with this model. Different characteristics of heat and moisture transfer are testified, such as thawing depth, topsoil temperature field and moisture content, et al. From the quantitative and qualitative analysis of local rule of heat and moister transfer, the model is calibrated and verified by ob- served value, which indicates that the new model can be applied in this region and provide a support for the local ecosys- tem services.

关 键 词：冻土 水热耦合 土壤融化深度 表层土壤温度 表层土壤含水量 青海三江源区 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学]