新疆塔里木盆地农垦区近35年来土地利用景观格局变化研究  

Landscape Pattern Change of Land Use of Reclamation Area in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang in Recent 35 Years

作　　者：殷建[1] 薛莎莎[2] 徐晓桃[3] 杨贵森[1] 张伟[2] 马松增[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团水土保持监测总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]北京林业大学林学院省部共建森林资源培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京地拓科技发展有限公司,北京100084

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2012年第7期54-56,75,共3页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200901052)

摘　　要：以遥感图像为数据源,运用专业遥感图像处理软件、Arcgis软件和Fragstats 3.3软件提取了塔里木盆地农垦区19761、9902、0002、006、2010年5个时期的部分景观指数,对研究区景观格局动态进行了分析。结果表明:近35年来,未利用土地大规模减少,耕地和建筑用地面积增加,林地和牧草地逐步退化;1976—2006年,景观多样性指数和均匀度指数增大,表明人类适当的干扰可使景观异质性增强;2006—2010年,由于耕地的持续发展,景观多样性指数和均匀度指数减小,景观异质性降低。在以后的土地开发利用中,要减缓土地开垦,加强防护林、人工草地的建设,优化景观格局,以实现土地的可持续利用。The paper extracted part of landscape indexes in five periods of 1976,1990,2000,2006 and 2010 of reclamation area in Tarim basin based on remote sensing images,by using professional remote sensing image processing software,ArcGIS and Fragstats 3.3 software,and analyzed the dynamics of landscape pattern of the studied area.The outcomes show that: a) the unused land area decreases greatly,the area of farmland and land for building has been increased,and woodland and grassland have been degenerated gradually;b) landscape diversity index and evenness index have been increased in the period of 1976~2006,showing that the proper disturbing of human can increase the heterogeneity of landscape and;c) in the period of 2006~2010,the landscape diversity index,evenness index and the heterogeneity of landscape have been decreased due to the continuous development of farmland.In the future land development and utilization,it should decrease land reclamation,strengthen the building of shelter-forest and artificial grassland and optimize the landscape pattern for achieving the sustainable utilization of land resources.

关 键 词：景观格局 景观指数 动态变化 塔里木盆地农垦区 新疆 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]