印楝属(Azadirachta A.Juss.)植物分类及分布的研究现状  

Classification and Distribution of Azadirachta: A Review

作　　者：彭兴民[1] 吴疆翀[1] 郑益兴[1] 张燕平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2012年第4期583-588,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD21B04)

摘　　要：印楝属(Azadirachta A.Juss.)属楝科(Meliaceae)。印楝属植物由印度-马来亚(Indo-Malesian)特有成分组成,目前,世界分布(天然分布和栽培分布)约80个国家。现在得到公认并广泛使用的印楝属,传统上被归入楝属(Melia L.),由于与楝科的Antelaea、Azedarach和Trichilia的亲缘关系相近、形态特征相似,在属的归属上和种的确定上有较大的争议,被正式描述的"属"和"种"分别为5属、11种。从传统分类学水平,分析回顾了印楝属的系统位置、分类的现状与问题。并根据其地理分布,综述了印楝属植物的原产地及当今世界分布情况。Azadirachta A.Juss.,a member of the Meliaceae and a typical of vegetation in Indo-Malesian region can be found in 80 different countries of the world（including both natural stands and plantations）.Azadirachta widely used and accepted have been clustered into Melia L.now.Because they are related to and resembling the Antelaea、 Azedarach and Trichilia in Meliaceae,there is considerable controversy concerning the attribution about Genus and Family.Now there are about five genera and eleven species with a formal description of a system.This paper reviewed the present conditions and problems of system classification of Azadirachta and summarized the origins and distribution of Azadirachta plants of the world.

关 键 词：印楝 泰楝 菲楝 分类 分布 印楝属 

分 类 号：S792.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]