微生物肥料的包埋固定化研究  

Immobilization of microbial fertilizer in small spherical particles by embedding

作　　者：韩梅[1] 李天华[1] 彭帅[1] 魏冉[1] 韩晓日[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,农业部东北玉米营养与科学施肥观测试验站,沈阳110866

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2012年第4期999-1005,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14-土壤肥料);国家科技支撑计划粮食丰产科技工程(2011BAD16B12)资助

摘　　要：为了克服单种材料包埋的不足,提高微生物肥料包埋颗粒的综合性能,本研究以海藻酸钠(SA)配合聚乙烯醇(PVA)为包埋剂,并添加适宜辅料,对复合菌体(根瘤菌–解磷菌–解钾菌)进行包埋固定化,以包埋操作及颗粒综合性能等为指标,筛选出较优的包埋材料组成为:SA3.0%-PVA(2.5%～3.0%)-辅料(SiO24.0%-CaCO30.3%)。在此条件下,操作性和成球性较好,所得包埋颗粒呈规则球形,直径为3mm～4 mm,机械强度为53.4～59.6 g/g,包埋率为91.4%～94.3%,经过72h增殖培养颗粒的活菌数达到1011cfu/g,增殖500余倍,活菌释放率达到90%以上。In order to overcome the deficiencies of embedded particles of microbial fertilizers with the single material and to further improve comprehensive performances of them,the sodium alginate（SA） with polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） and appropriate auxiliary materials was used as main embedding materials in this study.The immobilization was studied by embedding the composite bacteria including rhizobia,phosphate and potassium dissolving bacteria into some small spherical particles.The embedding operation and grain comprehensive performances were acted as indexes in this study.The optimum embedding material concentrations and ratios are SA 3.0%-PVA（2.5%-3.0%）,and auxiliary materials（SiO2 4.0%-CaCO3 0.3%）.Under the conditions,operability and sphericity are both better,the embedded particles are in regular spheres which diameters are from 3mm to 4mm,mechanical strengths are from 53.4 g/g to 59.6 g/g,and the embedded rates of bacteria are from 91.4% to 94.3%.The number of viable bacteria in particles reaches 1011cfu/g which is increased 500 times more than that of fresh embedded particles after 72h proliferation culture,and the releasing rate of viable bacteria is more than 90% to total viable bacteria in particles.

关 键 词：微生物肥料 包埋 固定化 海藻酸钠(SA) 聚乙烯醇(PVA) 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]