强碱型活性白土生物柴油合成催化剂的制备及其应用  

The Preparation and Utilization in Biodiesel of Strong Alkaline Clay Catalyst

作　　者：毛格清[1] 吴炼[1] 韦藤幼[1] 胡雪玲[1] 童张法[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学化学化工学院,广西石化资源加工及过程强化技术重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《非金属矿》2012年第4期39-42,共4页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20766001);广西壮族自治区科技计划项目(桂科攻10123007-2)

摘　　要：提出了一种强碱型活性白土催化剂的制备方法,并将此催化剂用于催化油脂的酯交换反应合成生物柴油。首先在活性白土载体上负载氢氧化钙,覆盖活性白土的酸活性中心并提供弱碱中心,然后在弱碱中心上负载氢氧化钠活性组分制备了负载固体碱催化剂。实验结果表明,氢氧化钙负载量为0.67 mmol/g就能覆盖活性白土的酸活性中心,然后在80℃、4倍水中,加入17 mmol NaOH/g土,氢氧化钠加入速度为1.11 mmol/min时,得到氢氧化钠负载量为3.4 mmol/g的固体碱催化剂。将该催化剂用于生物柴油酯交换反应,当催化剂用量为油脂质量的3%时,甲酯转化率超过97%,反应完成后生物柴油无需洗涤。The method of preparation of a strong base clay catalyst was mentioned and it was utilized to synthesize biodiesel by the transesterification process of catalyzing oil. The method was loading calcium hydroxide on the acidic bits of activated clay and offer weak base bits, and then loading the activated component of sodium hydroxide on the weak base bits to prepare supported solid catalyst. The results of experiments showed that just loading 0.67 mmol Ca（OH）z/g clay covered entire acidic bits of activated clay. And then the next procedure could obtain the solid catalyst of loading amount of NaOH was 3.4 mmol/g after joining 17 mmol NaOH/g clay with the speed of 1.11 mmol/min at 80℃ in fourfold water. The utilization of catalyst was the transesterification of biodiesel, and percent conversion of methylester surpassed 97% when the amount of catalyst was 3% mass of oil. The obtained biodiesel is without any wash which can avoid the release of a large amount of the waste water for the purpose of environmental protection.

关 键 词：氢氧化钠 膨润土 固体碱催化剂 酯交换 

分 类 号：TQ426.7[化学工程] TD985[矿业工程—选矿]