西方公共定价理论——发展脉络及最新进展  

Public Pricing Theory in Western Countries:Retrospect and the Latest Progress

作　　者：杨全社[1] 王文静[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学财政税务学院,北京100070 [2]南开大学经济学院,天津300071

出　　处：《首都经济贸易大学学报》2012年第4期110-115,共6页Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business

基　　金：北京市教育委员会社会科学研究计划项目<公共服务供给机制与政府成本控制研究--以北京市义务教育和医疗卫生为例>(项目编号SM201010038013)

摘　　要：在私人部门经济中,令价格等于边际成本是最优定价法则。在公共部门经济中,由于公共产品的特殊性以及公共部门与国家之间的内在关系,直接将边际成本定价法作为公共部门最优定价法则受到了众多质疑。20世纪中后期,西方经济学界围绕最优公共定价理论展开了热烈的讨论,在经典的Ramsey-Boiteux法则的基础上,基于公平和效率两个目标,众多学者对最优公共定价机制进行了深入探讨。纵观西方公共定价理论的发展,呈现出以下过程:由现实中公共企业的扩张引发了学界对最优公共定价问题的关注,基于公平和效率的目标约束,该理论不断得到修正、完善,在融合各领域的最新研究的基础上,理论与现实的之间的距离不断被拉近。In the private sector, marginal cost pricing principle is the best rule. By contrast, applying this rule in the public sector seems not satisfactory. Based on the Ramsey and Boiteux＇s conclusion, researchers keep on discussing the best public pricing rules in the perspectives of equity and efficiency. In this paper, we over-viewed the theories on the public pricing in western countries and have found that researches on the public pricing issues arisen from the reality. And under some constraints about equity and efficiency, the theories have been modi- fied in order to be more efficient when implemented.

关 键 词：公共定价 公平 效率 发展脉络 

分 类 号：F119[经济管理—国际贸易]