圈养下一对血雉繁殖期行为的初步观察  

Behavior of a Pair of Captive Blood Pheasants(Ithaginis cruentus) during Breeding Season

作　　者：张敬[1] 曹雅妮[1] 王琨[1] 李静[1] 张媛媛[1] 王小寅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京动物园,北京100044

出　　处：《野生动物》2012年第4期196-199,220,共5页

摘　　要：2011年5～6月,对北京动物园1对圈养血雉进行了18 d、共90 h的行为观察。观察期间采用连续观察法在每天4个特定时间段,观察记录了10种4916次行为。这1对血雉在特定时间段内各行为时间分配规律为:雄鸟:警戒(28.17%)、进食(26.40%)、梳羽(15.64%)、行走(12.96%)、休息(2.50%)、沙浴(1.60%)、鸣叫(0.19%)、炫耀(0.04%)、其他(12.52%);雌鸟:进食(32.96%)、梳羽(20.05%)、行走(12.96%)、休息(7.00%)、进巢(5.71%)、沙浴(2.96%)、鸣叫(0.11%)、其他(21.17%)。雄鸟进食行为出现次数最多,警戒行为持续时间最长;雌鸟进食行为出现次数最多,且持续时间最长。繁殖期间雄鸟求偶炫耀行为有侧面型与正面型2种炫耀行为,侧面型炫耀行为也表示对领地占有:雌鸟有待交配行为;完整的交配过程有固定的模式,一般持续30～40 s。圈养下提供与栖息地近似的环境,有利于血雉表现出与野外相似的行为。Ninety hours of behavior observations of a pair of Blood Pheasants（Ithaginis cruentus）were recorded over eighteen days from May to June in 2011.Ten types of behaviors were recorded 4916 times by using the continuous observation method during four designated periods of each day.The distribution of behaviors of the male Blood Pheasant were：Alert（28.17%）, Feeding（26.40%）,Preening（15.64%）,Walking（12.96%）,Resting（2.50%）,Sand bathing（1.60%）,Calling （0.19%）,Display（0.04%）,and Other（12.52%）.Female behavior distribution was：Feeding（32.96%）,Preening （20.05%）,Walking（12.96%）,Resting（7.00%）,Nesting（5.71%）,Sand bathing（2.96%）,Calling（0.11%）, and Other（21.17%）.Feeding was the most frequent behavior for the male and alert behavior had the longest duration. Feeding was the most frequent behavior of the female and had the longest duration.The male showed two types of display behaviors,lateral display and frontal display.Lateral display expressed territory defence.The female was observed posturing for mating.A completed mating process had a fixed mode,normally lasting 30-40 seconds.Behaviors of captive Blood Pheasants were similar to those in the wild if the captive environment was similar to that in the wild.

关 键 词：圈养 血雉 繁殖期 行为 

分 类 号：Q959.725[生物学—动物学]