三硝基甲苯的γ-辐照降解实验研究  

Radiation-induced degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in aqueous solution

作　　者：何小波[1] 刘秀华[1] 钟志京[1] 龙素群[1] 

机构地区：[1]核物理与化学研究所,中国工程物理研究院,绵阳621900

出　　处：《环境化学》2012年第7期1076-1082,共7页Environmental Chemistry

摘　　要：基于三硝基甲苯(TNT)溶液采用常规处理方法难以降解,采用60Co-γ射线对三硝基甲苯溶液进行辐照降解,研究了吸收剂量、初始浓度、溶液初始pH值、双氧水(H2O2)等因素对辐照降解效果的影响.实验结果表明,60Co-γ射线辐照能够有效地降解三硝基甲苯.三硝基甲苯溶液初始浓度为5—50 mg.L-1,当接受不超过15 kGy剂量时,三硝基甲苯的降解率可达100%,化学需氧量(COD)去除率可达55%;弱酸性和碱性环境更有利于三硝基甲苯的降解和COD的去除;加入少量H2O2时,三硝基甲苯降解率和COD去除速率均随之增加,但过高的H2O2加入量将会抑制三硝基甲苯的去除,并且加入H2O2的量愈大其抑制作用愈明显.Since 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene（TNT） is usually difficult to be decomposed by regular methods,the decomposition of TNT water solution by 1.25 MeV 60Co γ-ray irradiation was studied in this paper.Influences of irradiation dose,initial TNT concentration,initial pH,addition of H2O2,and free radical scavenger on the decomposition efficiency was investigated.The results show that 60Co γ-ray irradiation is an effective process for the degradation of TNT.Removal of TNT reached 100% and COD-reduction was 55% at an initial TNT concentration of 50 mg · L-1 and 15 kGy irradiation.Weak acidic and basic environment was advantageous to the degradation of TNT.Low H2O2 content accelerated the decomposition of TNT,but the decomposition was inhibited when excessive H2O2 was added.

关 键 词：60Co-γ射线 辐照 三硝基甲苯 降解 化学需氧量 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]