气候变化对水稻三化螟物候及多度的影响(英文)  

Phenology and Abundance of Yellow Rice Borer,Tryporyza incertulas Walker(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in Relation to Climatic Variation

作　　者：张立敏[1,2] 陈斌[1] 李正跃[1] 杨仕生 孙文 

机构地区：[1]农业生物多样性应用技术国家工程研究中心教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学基础与信息工程技术学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南省建水县植检植保站,云南建水654300

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2012年第3期885-893,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重大基础研究计划(973)项目(2011CB100404);国家自然科学基金项目(31160363);云南省教育厅科技计划项目(2011y449)

摘　　要：以云南省建水县稻区1986～1997年连续24年间黑光灯下监测诱集的水稻三化螟种群数量及越冬代虫口基数为依据,结合当地1986～1997年最高温度、最低温度、平均温度及相对湿度等主要气象资料,采用多元回归法分析了三化螟物候和多度与气象条件间的相互关系。结果表明,三化螟成虫种群数量在年际间变化明显,从1986～1997年连续24年间,灯下三化螟成虫的始见期与1～2月的平均温度显著相关,当年11月到次年2月,灯下未诱集到三化螟成虫,从7月到9月,灯下虫量迅速增加,于9月灯下虫量达高峰。灯下三化螟成虫种群与最高温度、最低温度和平均温度间具有显著相关性,随着温度的升高,灯下虫量逐渐增加,但随着相对湿度的增加而降低,降雨量对灯下虫量无明显影响。灯下虫量与气象因素间的多元回归分析及逐步回归分析后获得逐步回归方程Y=-546.67+10.52X2-0.52X4+6.25X5,相关系数R=0.38(F=12.95,P<0.01)。灯下虫量与气象因素间的总体多元回归方程为Y=-723.17-3.81X1+26.00X2-10.82X3-0.48X4+7.67X5(F=12.39,P<0.01),其中X1为最高温度;X2为平均温度;X3为最低温度;X4为降雨量;X5为相对湿度。越冬代幼虫的虫口密度与次年3月和4月灯下成虫数量具有显著的相关性,且越冬代幼虫的虫口密度是影响灯下虫量的关键因子。Phenology and abundance of yellow rice borer, Tryporyza incertuloa （Walker）, were examined throughout 24 consecutive years from the population under the black-light trap and stalk checking in Jianshui county, Yunnan Province, China. The population of moth of 7＂. incertu/as varied significantly between years. The onset of the flight period of the moth from the 1＂ of March was siglnificantly correlated with mean temperature of January and February, whereas the population density of the moth under the light was significantly correlated with mean temperature. No moth was trapped between November and February, the most rapid increase being from July to September, with peak trap- ping in September. The population was significantly correlated with all three temperature parameters-maximum, mean, and minimum-relative humidity, and rainfall. The higher the temperature, the higher was the pest population but the higher the relative humidity, the lower was the post population. Rainfall did not have consistent significant effect on the number of pest adults trapped. The multiple correlation between the number of yellow rice borer adults trapped and weather parameters using step by step regression was as follows： Y = - 546.67 ＋ 10.52X2 - 0.52X4 ＋ 6.2..5X5, and the relative coefficient was R = 0.38 （ F = 12.95, P 〈 0.01 ）. The total multiple correlation between the number of yellow rice borer adults trapped （Y） and weather parameters was the following： Y = - 723.17 - 3.81Xt ＋ 26.00X2 - 10.82X3 -0.48X4＋7.67X5 （F = 12. 39, P 〈0.01）, where xI = Maximum temperature; x2 = Mean temperature; x3 = Minimum temperature; x4 = Rainfall ; and xs = RH. The fluctuation of the overwinterlng population was consistent with the change of the population of moth in March and April trapped by light, and it showed that the over- wintering population is a key factor affecting the moth number.

关 键 词：水稻三化螟 水稻 物候学 气候变化 种群动态 

分 类 号：S435.112.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]