论我国高等教育供需矛盾及其解决路径  

The Supply-Demand Contradiction and Solution of the Chinese Higher Education

作　　者：孙伟[1] 丰硕[1] 王美[1] 于长志[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学高等教育研究所,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第2期158-162,共5页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：供给和需求是经济学的基本概念,将其引入高等教育研究具有重要的实践意义。高等学校数量与规模、师资力量、经费配置、专业实践以及个人就业愿望和社会岗位、人才需求等是影响高等教育供需的主要因素,分析这些因素,有助于解决高等教育中人才供给与社会人才需求之间、个人就业愿望与社会岗位需求之间两大矛盾。通过对高等教育供需矛盾分析发现,高等学校人才供给与社会人才需求之间的矛盾主要来源于高等学校类型比例不协调、师资力量不达标、教育经费投入不充足和实践教学环节不完善;高等学校个人就业愿望与社会岗位需求之间的矛盾主要来源于学生就业观念不科学、职工安全生产有隐患和人才选拔制度不健全。解决高等教育供需矛盾的路径应适当转变高等学校定位,科学建设教师队伍;重视专业实践环节,多元开拓经费来源;积极改变就业观念,完善人才选拔制度。Abstract： It is of much significance practically to introduce supply and demand into the research on higher education as a basic economic concept. Such factors as the number and scale of colleges and universities, their teaching staff, fund allocation, major-related practice and graduate personal aspirations, society-supplied jobs and talent demands all are the main ones that affect the supply and demand of higher education. Analyzing these factors helps solve the contradiction between talent supply and social demand and that between personal employment aspirations and social requirements for jobs in higher education. The analysis of the supply-demand contradiction in higher education shows that the contradiction between college talent supply and social demand for talents mainly stems from the facts： Our ordinary institutions of higher learning are out of reasonable proportion to our higher vocational schools and colleges in the school-running type; the teaching strength fails to come up to needed standards; the educational input is insufficient; and the link of field teaching is far from completion. The contradiction between personal employment aspirations and the requirements of society-supplied jobs lies in the facts： the student concept on employment is far from scientific; hidden trouble exists in employees＂ safe production; and the system for talented persons is not perfect. To resolve the supply-demand contradiction of higher education it is suggested that the orientation of colleges and universities be readjusted correctly; the teaching forces be constructed in a scientific way; much attention be paid to the link of major-related practice and the source of funding be broadened in more ways; the concept on employment be actively changed; and the system for talented person selection be perfected.

关 键 词：高等学校 高等教育 人才供给 人才需求 经济学 

分 类 号：F235.99[经济管理—会计学] G40-054[经济管理—国民经济]