中药基因组学与合成生物学  

Genomics and synthetic biology of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：陈士林[1] 朱孝轩[1] 李春芳[1] 王勇[2] 姚辉[1] 孙超[1] 宋经元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [2]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《药学学报》2012年第8期1070-1078,共9页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAI29B01);教育部长江学者与创新团队发展计划(IRT1150)

摘　　要：中药基因组学与合成生物学是目前中药现代化研究中的热点领域。中药基因组学研究主要包括中药转录组学、结构基因组学、基因组标记解析和功能基因组学等,旨在通过对中药原物种遗传信息的揭示,解析重要活性产物的生物合成途径,发掘参与生物合成的功能基因,推动对中药合成生物学、基因组辅助分子鉴定和分子育种及中药道地性遗传机制阐释的深入研究。基因组学及其相关研究大幅提升了人类对于生命过程的认知和按照需求合成或改造生命的能力。中药合成生物学是在中药基因组学研究的基础上,对中药有效成分生物合成相关元器件进行发掘和表征,借助工程学原理对其进行设计和标准化,通过在底盘细胞中装配与集成,重建生物合成途径和代谢网络,实现药用活性成分的定向、高效的异源合成,从而提升我国创新性药物的研发能力和医药产业的国际核心竞争力。Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） genomics and TCM synthetic biology are two hot fields in the TCM modernization.TCM genomics,including transcriptomics,structural genomics,genomic markers and functional genomics,aims to elucidate the biosynthetic pathways of TCM bioactive compounds and mine the related genes encoding enzymes involved in these pathways by analyzing genetic information on the original species of TCM,thus promoting the development of TCM synthetic biology,genome-assisted molecular identification and molecular breeding,and elucidation of the genetic mechanism underlying ＂Daodi＂.Genomics and related research provide us much deeper understanding of life process and improve our ability to create new life or modify the present organisms.Based on TCM genomics,TCM synthetic biology sets up a series of procedures to realize the production of TCM pharmacological active compounds in microorganism,including screening and modification of parts and devices,establishment of standardized part and device libraries,and reconstruction and modification of the biosynthetic pathway of TCM pharmacological active compounds in microorganism.TCM synthetic biology will provide a new resource of TCM pharmacological active compounds for the pharmacological study and research ＆ development of new drugs,thus enhancing the core competitiveness of our pharmaceutical industry in the international markets.

关 键 词：中药 基因组学 合成生物学 基因组标记 

分 类 号：R931[医药卫生—生药学]