矿井作业场所中呼吸尘与氡子体同时监测的方法研究  

Development of a Method for Simultaneous Monitoring of Respirable Dust and Radon Daughters in Mine

作　　者：卢正永[1] 张志龙[1] 李爱武[1] 毋涛[1] 傅翠明[1] 李静[1] 韬严涛 徐经定 徐其仁 白健 黄志兵 吴锡煌 余庆华 马宁东 戴世荣 

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原市030006 [2]云南锡业公司,个旧市661400

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2000年第1期31-41,共11页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：矿井作业面的粉尘与氡子体是危害工人健康的两大重要因素。有效地监测空气中的粉尘与氡子体是工业卫生学者一直关心的课题,而如何有效地同时监测呼吸尘与氡子体更受到人们的关注。介绍了一种同时监测呼吸尘浓度与氡子体α潜能浓度的方法,该方法是将热释光探测元件组装在呼吸尘个体采样器中,使热释光元件受到与呼吸尘一起被采集在滤膜上的氡子体的放射性照射。采样结束后,分别测出滤膜上的粉尘量及热释光探测元件的热释光计数,即可同时得出空气中的呼吸尘浓度和氡子体浓度。对方法的运作方式、应用结果以及误差控制等问题进行了详细介绍和讨论。实践证明,在矿井作业场所中,利用呼吸尘个人采样器实现粉尘浓度和氡子体浓度的同时监测是可行的。Dust and radon daughters are two major hazards to miners.It has been an interesting subject for industrial hygienists to monitor the dust and radon daughter aerosols effectively.More attention has been paid to develop a method which could simultaneously monitor radon daughters and the dust.A new method is introduced,in which the thermoluminescent detector(TLD) is set in the respirable dust sampler,so that the detector could be radiated by radon daughter aerosols sampled on the filter along with the respirable dust.After sampling,the dust masses on filter and the radiation counts of the TLD could be measured respectively.The mass concentration of dust and potential energy concentration of radon daughters may thus be obtained at the same time.The operations and monitoring results by this method were given and the error control was discussed.Application showed that the method is feasible and practicable with satisfactory results.

关 键 词：呼吸尘 氡子体 同时监测 矿井作业场所 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]