医护人员职业倦怠与应对方式相关性研究  

The correlation study of job burnout and coping style of medical personnel

作　　者：陆斯琦[1] 严进[1] 唐云翔[1] 汤俊华[1] 徐佳[1] 栾玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学心理学教研室,中国上海200433

出　　处：《临床心身疾病杂志》2012年第4期340-343,共4页Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目（编号2009BAI77B04）; 上海市教委科研创新重点资助项目（编号11ZS79）

摘　　要：目的 探讨医护人员职业倦怠和应对方式状况及其相关性,为改善医护人员职业倦怠,提高心身健康水平提供依据.方法 对某示范医院487名医护人员采用职业倦怠问卷通用版和特质应对方式问卷进行测评分析.结果 医护人员职业倦怠总体检出率为14.78%,其中低成就感维度检出率最高（7.39%）,其次为情感耗竭（5.75%）、人格解体（3.90%）;职业倦怠问卷通用版情感耗竭和低成就感维度评分显著低于Maslach常模（P＜0.01）,人格解体维度评分显著高于Maslach常模（P＜0.01）;72.07%的医护人员倾向于采用积极的应对方式,但其特质应对方式问卷积极应对维度评分显著低于全国常模（P＜0.01）;医护人员职业倦怠者消极应对维度评分显著高于非职业倦怠者（P＜0.01）,应对倾向维度评分显著低于非职业倦怠者（P＜0.01）,积极应对维度评分与非职业倦怠者比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05）;特质应对方式问卷积极应对和应对倾向维度评分与职业倦怠问卷通用版各维度评分呈显著负相关（P＜0.01）,消极应对维度评分与职业倦怠问卷通用版各维度呈显著正相关（P＜0.01）.结论 医护人员存在一定程度的职业倦怠,个体对应对方式的选择可影响并预测职业倦怠的发生、发展,选择积极应对方式可有效降低职业倦怠的发生率,而选择消极应对方式则容易导致职业倦怠.Objective To explore the job burnout,coping styles and their correlation in medical personnel in order to provide basis for improving the job burnout of medical personnel and raising psychosomatic health level. Methods Assessments were carried out with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey （MBI-GS） and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ） in 487 medical personnel of a model hospital. Results The overall detection rate of job burnout was 14.78% in medical personnel, among which detection rate of moderate and low achievement was the highest （7.39%）, then emotional exhaustion （5.75%） and depersonalization （3.90%） ; their emotional exhaustion and low achievement score were significantly lower （P〈0.01） and depersonalization higher （P〈0.01） than Maslach norm; 72.07 percent of medical personnel prefer to apply active coping style, but their active coping score was significantly lower than national norm（P〈0.01） ; inactive coping score was significantly higher （P〈0.01） and coping tendency tower （P〈0. 01） in medical personnel with job burnout than ones without, and there was no significant difference in active coping （P〉0.05） ; active coping and coping tendency score of the TCSQ were significantly negatively （P〈0.01） and inactive coping positively （P〈0.01） related to each dimension score of the MBIGS. Conclusion Medical personnel have a certain degree of job burnout, individual selection of coping styles can influence and predict the occurrence and development of job burnout, the selection of positive coping style can effectively lower the incidence of job burnout, but that of negative coping style causes job burnout easily.

关 键 词：医护人员 职业倦怠 应对方式 职业倦怠问卷通用版 特质应对方式问卷 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]