低磷胁迫对不同黍稷品种光合特性的影响  

Effect of Low Phosphorous Stress on Photosynthesis Properties of Different Broomcorn Millet Varieties

作　　者：李鹏[1] 张永清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041004 [2]山西师范大学城市与环境科学学院,山西临汾041004

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2012年第7期35-39,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然基金面上资助项目(30871483)

摘　　要：利用不同作物或品种吸收利用土壤磷能力的差异提高磷素营养效率,是解决磷资源短缺的重要生物学途径。选择黄土高原旱、薄地区比较稳产的抗逆度荒杂粮作物黍稷作为研究对象,采用盆栽法在低磷胁迫下对2个黍稷品种(榆黍1号和一点红)的叶绿素含量、光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数进行了研究。结果表明:在低磷胁迫下,各黍稷品种的叶绿素含量、光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)下降,且品种间差异显著,而胞间CO2浓度在低磷时没有发现明显的变化;初始荧光(Fo)在低磷时升高,可变荧光(Fv)、最大荧光(Fm)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)表现为显著下降,非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)在低磷时表现出上升趋势。但榆黍1号的变化幅度小于一点红,表明榆黍1号植株生长发育和光合特性比一点红受低磷胁迫的影响小,较强的光合能力和较高的电子传递速率是榆黍1号适应低磷环境的重要生理特性。Using crop varieties with high phosphorus use efficiency is one of important biological ways to alleviate shortage of resources.Taking the more stable grain crops in the arid and semi-arid area for broomcorn millet as study object,using the soil culture method,the chlorophyll content,the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of two broomcorn millet（Panicum miliaceum L.）varieties（Yushu No.1 and Yidianhong）under the P-deficiency condition were researched.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）and stomatal conductance（Gs）were decreased under low P stress,and the difference between varieties were significant,while intercellular CO2concentration（Ci）was no difference.Initial fluorescence（Fo）and the cancellation of the photochemical destroy coefficient（NPQ）were increased,but（Fv）,（Fm）,（Fv/Fm）and（qP）were decreased under low P stress.The P stress damaging effects on plant growth and photosynthesis were minimal on the Yushu No.1 compared to Yidianhong.Under low P stress the Yushu No.1 maintained higher photosynthetic efficiency,stronger light energy transfer capacity that may be the major physiological traits in the adaptive capacity to low P conditions.

关 键 词：黍稷 低磷胁迫 光合作用 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]