流行性乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗与灭活疫苗免疫效果及人体接种反应观察  

Observation of JE live attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine effects and human vaccination reactions

作　　者：张振华 康菊琴 柳建茹 周莉薇[2] 石晓娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏中宁县疾病预防控制中心,宁夏中宁755100 [2]宁夏自治区疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2012年第7期632-633,共2页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的比较乙脑减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗的免疫效果和安全性。方法选择中宁县8～10月龄应初免的儿童285名,分组接种乙脑减毒活疫苗和乙脑灭活疫苗,观察人体接种反应,采用细胞蚀斑减少中和试验(PRNT)检测免疫前和免疫后乙脑中和抗体。结果减毒活疫苗组(JE Attenuated Live Vaccine,JEV-L)抗体阳转率和抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为90.14%和1∶30.68;灭活疫苗组[Japanese Encephalitis(JE)Inactivate Vaccine(Vero Cell),JEV-1(Vero)]为60.84%和1∶12.08,减毒活疫苗组抗体阳转率和阳性抗体(GMT)均高于灭活组。经观察,减毒活疫苗组和灭活疫苗组人体反应均为发热和接种部位轻度红肿,发热率分别为34.75%和39.86%,中、强反应率为8.45%和7.69%,红肿率为1.42%和0.81%,所有发热及轻度红肿者均于72小时恢复正常。结论乙脑减毒活疫苗免疫效果好,免疫针次少,安全性好,是现阶段预防乙脑比较理想的疫苗,适宜推广使用。Objective To compare immune effect and security of JE attenuated live vaccine and inactivated vaccine. Methods 285 children who was 8 - 10 months old should be the primary immunization in Zhongning, they were assigned to 2 groups inoculating with live attenuated JE Vaccine and the inactivated JE vaccine. The human vaccination reaction was observed. Detected JE neutralizing antibody by cell plaque reduction neutralization test （PNRT） before and after immunization. Results Live attenuated vac- cine group antibody seroconversion rates and antibody geometric mean titer （GMT） was 90.14% and 1： 30.68, respectively. Inactivated vaccine group was 60.84% and 1： 12.08. Seroconversion rates and antibody （GMT） in the live attenuated vaccine group were higher than that in the inactivated group. The human response of the live attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine group were fever and injection site mild swelling through observation, and the fever rates were 34.75% and 39.86% , the strong response rate was 8.45% and 7.69%, the swelling rate was 1.42% and 0.81% , fever and mild swelling were returned to normal in 72 hours. Conclusion Live attenuated JE vaccine is effective and security. It is ideal prevention of JE vaccine currently and suitable for promoting the use of it.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 减毒活疫苗 灭活疫苗 免疫效果 临床反应 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]