稠油沥青污染钻井液的处理技术  

TREATMENT TECHNIQUE FOR BITUMEN-CONTAMINATED DRILLING FLUIDS

作　　者：郭京华[1,2] 夏柏如[1] 黄桂洪 侯立中[2] 黄河福[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学工程技术学院.北京 [2]中国石化国际石油勘探开发有限公司 [3]中国石油川庆钻探工程公司钻采工程技术研究院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2012年第4期91-94,128,共4页Drilling & Production Technology

摘　　要：伊朗Y油田有5口井钻遇了稠油沥青层,提高钻井液密度,不能阻止稠油沥青侵入井眼污染钻井液,轻则振动筛跑浆,重则钻井液变成膏状絮凝物,失去流动性。室内研究发现,常规稀释剂不能消除稠油沥青对钻井液的污染;加15%～20%水稀释,污染钻井液流变性能好转,再加重恢复密度值,流变性能重新恶化;用柴油和乳化剂,才能改善污染钻井液的流变性能。现场采用的处理方法,一类是机械、排放法或置换法,将稠油沥青从循环系统中除去,避免大量积累污染钻井液;另一类是乳化分散法,将稠油沥青分散在钻井液中,降低对钻井液性能的不利影响。应用结果表明,稠油沥青侵入速度慢的井适宜用第一类方法,在侵入速度快的井中,分散乳化法是主要的处理手段,可以避免钻井液絮凝,满足安全快速钻井的目的。Bitumen formations have been drilled through in 5 wells of Iranian Y oil field.Bitumen has resulted in contamination of drilling fluids.High density drilling fluid did not help to control the bitumen flow into the wellbore.A series of laboratory tests showed that traditional thinners could not eliminate the contamination of bitumen.The rheology properties turned better temporarily after adding 15%-20% fresh water,but they were destroyed again after resuming the same mud weight with barite.Diesel and emulsifier had an immediate and long effect on the contaminated drilling fluids.Two different techniques were used to deal with the bitumen problem during field operation.The first was the mechanical discharge or replacement ways.In this ways,bitumen was removed or dumped,it wouldn't accumulate to contaminate the drilling fluids.The second was an emulsification way,which bitumen was emulsified and dispersed in drilling fluids.Field applications proved that the first ways were suitable for light contaminated wells,whereas the second was better to the severe bitumen inrush wells.

关 键 词：稠油沥青 钻井液 流变性能 污染 处理技术 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]