基于瞬时转速波动率的内燃机故障诊断方法研究  

Diesel engine fault diagnosis method based on instantaneous angular speed fluctuation ratio

作　　者：马晋[1] 江志农[1] 高金吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学诊断与自愈工程研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2012年第13期119-124,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51135001);国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)项目(2012CB26000)

摘　　要：内燃机的瞬时转速包含着各个缸燃烧状态的重要信息,可以用于分析各个缸做功状态,诊断缸体点火相关故障,如燃料泄漏、气门泄漏和点火异常等故障。通过模型建立从理论上分析瞬时转速与气体压力扭矩、往复惯性力扭矩和阻力矩之间的关系,提出4个特征参数表征瞬时转速波动率波形及谐波特征,并通过仿真数据和实测故障数据证明瞬时转速波动率对于分析诊断内燃机点火故障的有效性,实现内燃机点火状态的早期预警。Instantaneous angular speed fluctuation ratio （IASFR） of a diesel engine contains a lot of information about gas pressure in cylinders, which can be used to diagnose combustion-related faults and other kinds of faults affecting the gas pressure, such as fuel leakage in fuel system, valve leakage, ignition fault, etc. A dynamic model was presented, and the relationships between the instantaneous angular speed and the gas pressure torque, inertia torque and load torque were analyzed theoretically. Four time domain parameters were proposed to describe the features of IASFR waveform and the characteristics of its harmonics. The effectiveness of the method presented was verified by a set of simulation data and a fault instance regarding the diesel engine ignition problem. An early warning method for diesel engine ignition conditionwas further provided.

关 键 词：瞬时转速波动率 内燃机 特征参数 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH165.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]