利用水文模型研究下垫面变化对洪水的影响  

Research on Influences of Underlaying Surface Changes to the Floods Based on Hydrological Model

作　　者：李致家[1] 于莎莎[1] 戴健男[1] 姚玉梅[1] 张建中[2] 胡春岐 姚成[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]海河水利委员会科技咨询中心,天津300170 [3]河北省水文水资源勘测局,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《人民黄河》2012年第7期17-19,共3页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41130639;51179045);水利部公益性行业科研专项(200901029);国家博士点基金资助项目(20090094110005)

摘　　要：选取海河流域紫荆关、阜平两个小流域,分别用1980年前后的次洪资料对进行了参数率定,根据两组参数的变化来反映流域下垫面的变化;然后采用1980年之后的参数重演1980年之前的洪水,通过计算出的次洪径流深和洪峰的变化幅度来反映流域下垫面变化对洪水的影响。结果表明:自由水容量和河网水流消退系数均呈增大趋势,导致在同等降水条件下各流域的径流深和洪峰明显减小,而且洪峰的减小幅度大于径流深的减小幅度,说明下垫面变化对洪峰的影响比对径流深的影响要大。The floods before and after 1980 in Zijingguan and Fuping watersheds of Haihe River basin were simulated by the Xinanjiang model and improved Xinanjiang-Haihe hydrological model respectively.The underlaying surface changes were reflected by analyzing the changes of parameters of each model before and after 1980.Then parameters after 1980 calibrated previously were used to caculate the flood hydrographes before 1980.The influences of underlaying surface changes to on floods could be reflected by comparing the simulated values of runoff depths and flood peaks.The results indicate that the parameters of SM and CS are increasing so that the runoff depthes and flood peaks of each basin are significantly reducing under the same precipitation.And the reduce amplitude of flood peaks is greater than that of runoff depthes.It demonstrates that the influences of underlaying surface changes to the flood peaks are greaten than that of the runoff depthes.

关 键 词：新安江模型 新安江-海河流域水文模型 次洪模拟 洪水 下垫面变化 海河流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]