人工杨树林对长江中游芦苇滩地土壤细菌多样性影响的研究  

Research on the Effects of Poplar Plantations on Soil Bacterial Diversity of Reed Marshlands in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River

作　　者：严炎[1] 孙启祥[2] 韦朝领[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院/资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]中国林业科学院林业研究所

出　　处：《安徽林业科技》2012年第2期11-20,共10页Anhui Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"林业科技支撑计划(批准号:2006BAD03A15)子课题;安徽省优秀青年科技基金(批准号:08040106840)资助项目

摘　　要：以长江中游芦苇滩地为研究对象,利用微生物分离培养计数方法和PCR—DGGE技术重点研究了人工杨树林对芦苇滩地土壤细菌种群的影响。结果表明:与芦苇地相比,人工杨树林根际土、根表土和0～10cm土层中的氮、速效磷和总有机碳的含量都明显降低;人工杨树林下根际土中的微生物数量都比芦苇地的低,而其根表土中则是细菌、真菌数量低于芦苇地,放线菌比芦苇地高;就4种功能细菌来说,人工杨树林根际土的纤维素菌、反硝化菌、硝化细菌和氨氧化细菌的数量则比芦苇地低,而根表土中除了氨氧化细菌外,其他3种功能细菌含量又比芦苇地的高。4种功能细菌数量在不同的土壤剖面中的分布也各不相同:在0～10cm土层中,人工杨树林的纤维素菌和氨氧化细菌的数量高于芦苇地,而其余2种功能菌则低于芦苇地;在10～25cm土层中,人工杨树林的纤维素菌和硝化细菌含量低于芦苇地,反硝化菌的含量却高于芦苇地,而氨氧化菌含量相同;在25～60cm土层中,除了纤维素菌,其他3种功能细菌含量都是人工杨树林低于芦苇地。通过系统进化树分析发现,滩地中普遍存在的细菌类群为α变形菌纲、β变形菌纲和硝化螺旋菌纲,而人工杨树林和芦苇地的根表土、根际土和0～10cm土层均存在各自专有的细菌种群,表明人工杨树林对芦苇滩地土壤中细菌种群产生了一定的影响。In this paper the reed marshlands in the middle reaches of Yangtze River were chosen as the research objects and the effects of poplar plantations on soil bacterial diversity of reed marshlands were focused and studied with microorganism separation and culture counting methods and PCR--DGGE techniques. The results showed： The nitrogen, available phosphorus and total organic carbon contents in the rhizosphere soil, topsoil, and 0-to-10-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were significantly lower compared with those of reed marshlands. The microbe quantities in the rhizosphere soil, quantities of bacteria and fungi in the topsoil of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the actinomycete quantity in the topsoil of poplar plantations was higher. As for the 4-species functional bacteria, the quantities of cellulolytic, denitrifying, nitrifying and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil, and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the topsoil of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the quantities of cellulolytic, denitrifying and nitrifying bacteria in the topsoil of poplar plantations were higher. The quantities of the 4-species bacteria distributing in different soilprofiles were different. The quantities of cellulolytic and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the 0-to-10-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were higher than those of reed marshlands while those of denitrifying and nitrifying bacteria were lower. The quantities of cellulolytic and nitrifying bacteria in the 10-to-25-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the quantity of denitrifying bacteria was higher and that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria was the same. The quantities of denitrifying, nitrifying and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the 25-to-60-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the quantity of cellulolytic bacteria was higher. It was found with systematic phylogenetic tree analysis that the bacteria commonly

关 键 词：人工杨树林 长江中游芦苇滩地 细菌多样性 PCR-DGGE 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]