不同人工调整月经周期方法对运动能力的影响  

On the Effects of Different Methods to Regulate Menstrual Cycle on Athletic Ability

作　　者：王人卫[1] 杨晓妮[2] 侯立婧 刘晓丽[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [2]云南师范大学体育学院,云南昆明650222 [3]上海市普陀区少年儿童业余体育学校,上海200333 [4]湖北民族学院体育学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2012年第4期63-67,共5页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家体育总局资助项目(10B042);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20093156110001);上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室资助项目(11DZ2261100)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同人工调整月经周期方法(提前法和推迟法)对运动员机能及运动能力的影响,制订人工调整月经周期的最佳方案,为合理指导人工调整月经周期方法提供理论依据。方法将女运动员随机分为提前组和推迟组,每组7人。提前组在月经周期第5天开始服药(妈富隆),每天1片,服用14 d;推迟组在月经周期第24天开始服药,每天1片,服用10 d。分别于服药前一周期第(5±1)天、第(22±1)天,服药周期中的最后一天(提前组于服药第14天,推迟组于服药第10天)及服药后下一周期第5天进行血液指标和运动能力测试。结果服药期间血T、血C、T/C及服药后下一周存在时间主效应,血T、T/C降低有统计学差异,血C升高有统计学差异;平均握力、下肢爆发力前后比较无统计学差异;PWC170和V.O2max前后比较无统计学差异,反应时在服药后下一周期第5天与服药前周期同一时间相比有统计学差异。结论提前法和推迟法在调整月经周期中对运动员有氧能力、力量素质、反应时、血T和血C水平的影响无统计学差异,但是妈富隆能降低血T、T/C及升高血C水平,且对降低T/C的影响更加明显。建议运动员可以通过提前法调整月经周期,避开比赛期。Objective： This study is to find the appropriate way to regulate the menstrual cycle of the athletes.Methods： Female athletes from Competitive Athletic School of Shanghai University of Sport were randomly divided into advanced group and postponed group with 7 for each.The advanced group subjects took oral contraceptive Marvelon in the fifth day of the next menstrual cycle,one pill a day and took 14 days.And the postponed group subjects took oral contraceptive Marvelon in the 24 days of the next menstrual cycle,one pill a day and took 10 days.The exercise performances were tested and the baseline blood samples were taken in the 5＋1 days,22＋1 days after the beginning of menstrual bleeding,the last day of taking pills,and the 5 days of menstrual bleeding after withdrawing the pills.Results： the T,C and T/C during taking pills and the T/C after taking pills showed time main effect that there was statistical significance with the decrease of T and T/C and the increase of C.Besides,there was no statistical significance for average strength of two hands and power of lower limb before and after taking pills.Finally,there was no statistical significance for PWC170 and V·O2max before or after.Conclusion： The advanced method and postponed method had no statistic significant effect on the level of aerobic function,strength quality,reaction,T and C of female athletes in regulating the menstrual cycle.However,Marvelon can decrease T,T/C and C,and more for T/C.It is recommended that female athletes take advanced method to avoid regulating menstrual cycle in competition.

关 键 词：月经周期 口服避孕药 提前法 推迟法 女运动员 运动能力 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]