年际尺度上土地覆盖类型时空分异及其对气候和地形的响应  

Spatio-temporal differentiation of land covers on annual scale and its response to climate and topography in arid and semi-arid region

作　　者：任正超[1,2] 朱华忠[3] 柳小妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院草业生态系统教育部重点实验室(甘肃农业大学),兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学经济管理学院,兰州730070 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第15期205-214,I0007,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目(No.1107RJYA058);国家自然科学基金(30960264;31160475);草业生态系统教育部重点实验室(甘肃农业大学)开放课题"(No.CYZS-2011014)

摘　　要：为了更加深刻地理解气候和地形条件对土地覆盖的作用机理,该研究以2001年-2009年逐年的MODIS Land Cover(MCD12Q1)为主要数据源,参考中国土地覆盖分类体系整合国际上通用的5种(IGBP、UMD、LAI-fPAR、NPP和PFT)土地覆盖分类体系,分析年际尺度上中国西北干旱半干旱地区的土地覆盖时空分异及其对气候和地形的响应。研究结果表明:IGBP较其他4种更适合年际尺度上干旱半干旱地区土地覆盖的时空分异研究。2001年-2009年,5种分类体系中农田和草地增加,水体湿地和荒漠减少,聚落保持不变,森林有增有减,并且土地覆盖类型间相互发生转换,其在空间上的转移与干旱半干旱地区的自然条件变化和人类活动相适应。6种土地覆盖类型对自然条件的响应与光、热、水在时空格局上的分配以及人类活动作用的强弱相一致。研究结果可为区域或全球土地利用和土地覆盖研究提供参考。In order to reveal spatio-temporal differentiation of land covers and its response to climate and topography on annual scale in dry and semi-dry region of northwest China, international universal land cover classification schemes of IGBP, UMD, LAI-fPAR, NPP and PFT were integrated in the study with MODIS land cover datasets （MCD12Q1） and Chinese land cover classification schemes （TEFRS） taken as main data source and reference. Research results showed that： 1） Compared with other 4 land cover classification schemes, IGBP was more suitable to be applied into studying spatio-temporal differentiation of land covers on annual and regional scales. 2） From 2001 to 2009, farmland and rangeland represented increasing trend, but opposite to mash-water body and desert while forest showed increasing or decreasing trend and settlement with no change in 5 land cover classification schemes. Entire land cover classes were inter-transferred and its spatial traverse pattern was highly agreement with regional natural changes and human actions. 3） 6 land cover classes responding to natural condition was closely related with human actions and spatio-temporal distribution of sunlight, temperature, precipitation. The results can be a reference for regional or global LULC research.

关 键 词：气候变化 地形 分类 土地覆盖 时空分异 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]