“济麦”系列品种成熟胚再生体系的优化研究  

Optimization of the Mature Embryo-based Regeneration System in "Jimai" Wheats

作　　者：王树芸[1] 吕波[1] 李坤[1] 吴佳洁[1] 付道林[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东省作物生物学重点实验室,泰安271018

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2012年第4期476-484,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：山东省自然科学杰出青年基金(JQ201107);国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2011ZX08009-003-001-007和2009ZX08009-053B)共同资助

摘　　要：建立成熟的外植体再生体系,搭建有效的转化平台是实现小麦基因工程改良的重要途径。与未成熟胚相比,利用小麦成熟胚作为外植体不仅取材方便,而且不受环境和季节的限制。因此,建立小麦成熟胚再生体系是小麦组织培养发展的重要趋势。本研究利用"济麦"系列5个品种济南17、济麦19、济麦20、济麦21和济麦22,以适于组培的小麦品种Bobwhite作对照,研究了不同浓度2,4-D、玉米素(ZT)和激动素(KT)对小麦成熟胚的愈伤诱导和分化成苗的影响。结果表明,与对照品种Bobwhite相比,"济麦"系列品种具有更高的成熟胚出愈率,品种间差异显著,呈现出基因型效应。在相同2,4-D诱愈浓度条件下,不同品种间分化和成苗率差异极显著。"济麦"系列品种的成苗率均低于对照品种Bobwhite(13.55%),说明进一步优化愈伤的再生成苗能力是未来建立再生体系的关键。相同品种条件下,2,4-D诱愈浓度对出愈、分化和成苗率影响显著,当2,4-D诱愈浓度4mg/L时,除济麦20以外,其它五个品种均能分化成苗,其中济麦22成苗率约10.33%,接近Bobwhite水平。本研究为建立和完善"济麦"系列品种的成熟胚再生和遗传转化体系奠定了基础。Developing an efficient regeneration system and establishing a transformation platform are main pathways to make improvement in genetic engineering in wheat. Compared with immature embryo, mature embryo has no environmental or seasonal restrictions, and therefore it is a good choice for explants. Developing mature embryo-based regeneration system becomes a direction for wheat tissue culture. In this study, five ＂Jimai＂ wheat cultivars/genotypes, including Ji＇nanl 7, Jimail 9, Jimai20, Jimai21 and Jimai22, were used to test the effects of phytohormones 2,4-D, ZT and KT on mature embryo-based callus induction, differentiation and regeneration. Bobwhite, which has been widely used in transformation studies, was used here as a control. The results show, compared with Bobwhite, ＂Jimai＂ wheat eultivars have higher percentages of callus induction, and among different cultivars, there are significant differences beacuse of genotype effect. At the same concentration of 2,4-D in the callus induction （CI） medium, genotypes had significant effects on the callus differentiation and regenera- tion. According to the percentages of regeneration, ＂Jimai＂ wheat cultivars have lower performances than that of Bobwhite. Therefore, improving the regeneration rate of differentiated calluses is the key step to construct wheat mature embryo-based regeneration system. When the genotype was fixed, different concentrations of 2,4-D in the CI medium showed significant influence on callus induction, differentiation and regeneration. With the supplement of 4 mg/L 2,4-D in the CI medium, all tested genotypes except Jimai20 regenerated, and the regeneration rate ofJimai22 was 10.33%, close to that of Bobwhite. This study provides a basis for developing mature embryo-based regeneration system in ＂Jimai＂ wheat cultivars.

关 键 词：小麦 成熟胚 再生体系 2 4-D 激动素 玉米素 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]