黄土高原南部耕地土壤养分空间格局分析——以陕西省富县为例  

Analysis of spatial pattern of soil nutrients in the cultivated land of southern Loess Plateau——A case study in Fuxian of Shaanxi

作　　者：邹青[1] 赵业婷[2] 常庆瑞[2] 李志鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学信息工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2012年第3期107-113,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30872073);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973项目)(2007CB407203)

摘　　要：以陕西省富县为例,采用地统计学与GIS技术相结合的方法,研究黄土高原南部耕地土壤养分的空间变异特征和分布格局,为土壤培肥和农业生产提供理论基础。结果表明,富县耕地大部分土壤养分间存在显著的相关关系。20 a来,除土壤有机质平均含量降低19.08%,有效锰降低9.59%外,其他养分平均含量均有明显增加,增幅介于12.18%~44.20%。在平均间距为1 214m的采样尺度下,土壤有机质、磷、钾、锰和铁表现为中等强度空间相关性,速效氮表现为弱空间相关性。施肥、耕作管理、海拔及降水是影响养分空间变异的重要因子。土壤养分含量高低值区域分布明显,大致呈西高东北低的格局。总体上富县耕地土壤富钾,铁、锰适中,有机质整体缺乏,12%耕地氮素相对不足、88%缺乏,71.16%缺磷,需及时增施有机肥,制定增氮补磷措施。With Fuxian in Shaanxi as the research site, geostatistics combined with geographical information system （GIS） was applied to study the spatial variability and distribution pattern of soil nutrients in the cultivated land of south- ern Loess Plateau, so as to provide guidance for soil fertilization management and agricultural production. The result showed that there were significant correlations among most soil nutrients. During the past 20 years, the average content of soil organic matter （SOM） and soil available Mn respectively decreased by 19.08% and 5.95%, while all other soil nu- trients content increased significantly. Under the average 1 214 m sampling scale, soil organic matter （SOM）, available P （AP）, available K （AK）, Mn and Fe demonstrated moderate spatial dependence, while soil available N demonstrated weak spatial dependence. Soil nutrients content decreased from west to northeast generally, which was affected not only by complex topography and precipitation, but also by fertilization and artificial cultivation management. All in all, soil available K content is abundant, available Mn and Fe are moderate, soil organic matter is widespread shortage in the study area, where 71.16% of cultivated land lacks available Pand 88% lacks available N. According to different crops and regions, some measures should be taken in time to increase the content of soil organic matter, available P and avail- able N in Fuxian County.

关 键 词：地统计学 土壤养分 空间格局 富县 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]