杨凌地区黄精氮磷钾优化施肥模式研究  

Study on the optimization models of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium application for Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.production in Yangling

作　　者：王占红[1] 王瑾[1] 朱伍凤[1] 蒋花[2] 张小燕[2] 张跃进[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2012年第3期143-148,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：校企合作项目"黄精GAP基地建设项目"(2008BC-01)

摘　　要：采用氮、磷、钾三因素二次D-饱和最优设计,通过田间试验研究了氮、磷、钾的施肥量与黄精一年生根茎产量、多糖含量的效应函数。结果表明,氮、磷、钾肥对黄精产量的增产作用大小依次为磷肥〉钾肥〉氮肥,对多糖含量的作用大小依次为钾肥〉氮肥〉磷肥,其中磷肥为负效应,氮、钾肥为正效应。寻优结果表明,当目标产量为3 500~4 500 kg/hm2时,在95%的置信区间,优化施肥量为N 89.74~136.18 kg/hm2,P2O5121.39~157.16kg/hm2,K2O 61.06~92.63 kg/hm2。在多糖含量8%~9.5%之间,在95%的置信区间,优化施肥量为：N 103.91~153.65 kg/hm2,P2O569.5~124.27 kg/hm2,K2O 68.16~95.36 kg/hm2。黄精高产优质高效栽培的优化施肥量为：N103.91~136.18 kg/hm2,P2O5121.39~124.27 kg/hm2,K2O 68.16~92.63 kg/hm2,N、P2O5、K2O的最佳比例为：1∶0.89~0.91∶0.5~0.68。The effect functions of fertilizing amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on rhizoma yield and polysaccharide content of Polygonatum. sibiricum Red. were established by the D-saturation optimal design with three factors. The results showed that the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield improvement was phosphorus 〉 potassium 〉 nitrogen and that on polysaccharide content was potassium 〉 nitrogen 〉 phosphorus, and the effect of phos- phorus on polysaccharide content was negative, while the effect of nitrogen and potassium were positive. When the target yield was 3 500- 4 500 kg/hm2, the optimum fertilizing amount was 89.74 ~ 136.18 kg/hm2 for N, 121.39 - 157.16 kg/hm2 for P205, and 61.06- 92.63 kg/hm2 K20 with 95 % confidence interval. When the polysaecharide content was during 8%- 9.5%, the optimum fertilizing amount was N 103.91 - 153.65 kg/hm2, P205 69.5 - 124.27 kg/hm2, and K20 68.16 - 95.36 kg/hm2 with 95% confidence interval. The optimum fertilizing amount for high yield, high efficiency and high quality in Polygonatum. sibiricum Red. production was 103.91 - 136.18 kg/hm2 for N, 121.39 - 124.27 kg/hm2 for P205, and 68.16 - 92.63 kg/hm2 for K20. The best ratio of N：P205 ： K20 Nvas 1：0.89 - 0.91：0.5 - 0.68.

关 键 词：黄精 优化施肥 产量 多糖含量 效应函数 

分 类 号：S567.237[农业科学—中草药栽培] S143[农业科学—作物学]