宁夏生态移民的心理健康现况  

Psychological health status in ecological immigrant in Ningxia

作　　者：马金宇[1] 张波 李涛[1] 马涛[1] 王志忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川750004 [2]宁夏卫生厅疾病控制处,银川750001

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2012年第7期537-542,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81060242);宁夏医科大学科研基金(XM201009)

摘　　要：目的:了解宁夏生态移民心理健康现况及相关因素,为促进生态移民区人群精神健康提供理论参考。方法:采用多阶段随机抽样,抽取宁夏地区≥16周岁生态移民344例,移民聚集区周边同年龄段非移民282例,运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)及自编一般情况调查表入户调查,比较移民与非移民SCL-90总均分、各因子均分及两组人群心理障碍筛查阳性的差异。结果:男性移民组的SCL-90总分及抑郁、精神病性症状因子分均高于男性非移民组,女性移民组的躯体化和焦虑症状因子分均高于女性非移民组(均P<0.05)。除恐怖症状外,回族移民组SCL-90总分及各因子分均高于回族非移民组;汉族移民组SCL-90总分及躯体化、人际关系、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、敌对和精神病性症状因子分均高于汉族非移民组(均P<0.05)。移民组与非移民组心理障碍阳性检出率无统计学差异(33.4%vs.27.6%)。移民中女性(38.9%vs.26.6%)、回族(44.9%vs.17.8%)、≥32岁且<48岁及≥48岁两组(37.6%,39.0%vs.22.9%)、独居者(48.6%vs.31.7%)的心理障碍筛查阳性检出率较高(均P<0.05);非移民组中≥48岁组(43.3%vs.22.8%,10.9%)、家庭月经济收入<2000元(34.5%vs.19.0%,15.7%)及独居者(43.3%vs.25.7%)心理障碍筛查阳性检出率较高(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,女性移民(OR=1.81)、回族移民(OR=2.61)和高年龄段移民(OR=1.68)更易产生心理健康问题;非移民人群中,未婚及独居者更易产生心理健康问题(OR=2.38)。结论:宁夏生态移民心理健康状况较非移民差,女性移民、回族移民、高年龄段移民更容易出现心理健康问题。Objective： To understand the mental health status and related factors in ecological immigrant in Ningxia, and to provide evidence of effective intervention. Methods： A sample of 344 ecological immigrants （ 16 years and over） in Ningxia and 282 local residents were selected according to multi-stage randomized sampling de- sign. The Symptom Check list-90 （SCL-90） was used to evaluate the mental health, and a self-edited questionnaire was used to collect the related factors information. Results： The total scores and depression and psychoticism factor scores of SCL-90 were higher in male ecological immigrants than in male local residents （Ps 〈 0. 05）. Compared to local residents, the female ecological immigrants had hi.gher factor scores in somatization a：ad anxiety （ Ps 〈 0.05） In the Hui nationality groups, the ecological immigrants had higher scores than local residents in the total scoresand factors scores of SCL-90 except photic anxiety. In the Han nationality groups, ecological immigrants had higher scores than local residents in the total scores and factor scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and psychoticism （Ps 〈 0. 05）. There was no significant difference between the ecological immi- grants and the local residents in the positive rate of SCL-90 （33.4% vs. 27.6% ）. In the ecological immigrants, the positive rates of SCL-90 were higher in female （38.9%）, Hui nationality （44. 9% ） ; 32-48 years old （37. 6% ）, and live alone （48.6%） groups than in other groups （P 〈0. 05）. In the local residents, the positive rate of SCL-90 were higher in 48 years or older （43.3%）, low income （ 〈 2000yuan） （34. 5%）, live alone （43. 3%） groups than in other groups （P 〈 0. 05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the immigrants who were females （OR = 1.81）, Hui nationality （ OR = 2. 61） and with older age （ OR = 1.68） were more likely to have mental problems and the lo- Cal residents wh

关 键 词：生态移民 心理健康 相关因素 横断面研究 

分 类 号：B845.61[哲学宗教—心理学]