我国医疗卫生机构产科床位配置现状研究  

Research on current obstetric beds allocation at medical institutions in China

作　　者：罗荣[1] 金曦[1] 杜立燕[1] 胡文玲[1] 汪金鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100089

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2012年第8期580-584,共5页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

基　　金：基金项目：联合国儿童基金资助项目（YH702H＆N）

摘　　要：目的了解全国不同地区、级别助产机构产科床位分布、产科服务提供和利用现状及变化趋势，评价产科床位设置的公平性，对合理调整我国产科床位配置提出建议。方法在全国随机抽取44个地市，对其全部助产服务机构2008年至2010年产科床位设置、服务提供和利用情况进行问卷调查。现场访谈6个县的卫生行政人员和助产机构产科医务人员。结果我国平均每千平方公里设置5．9个助产机构，平均每千人口拥有产科床位0．24张。2008年至2010年产科床位和服务数量均呈增长趋势。乡级机构产科服务数量呈下降趋势。全国产科床位配置不公平性指数为0．021283。不同地区产科床位供需比值在0．97～1．41之间。县区级机构的分娩数量比例占54．1％，而床位比例仅占48．1％。结论我国产科床位根据人口设置的公平性较好；产科床位总量能够满足目前需求；产科床位在不同级别助产机构之间分布欠合理。建议加强助产技术审批管理，在保证偏远地区住院分娩需求的前提下，适当调整乡级助产机构产科设置。Objective To learn the current obstetric beds allocation, obstetric service delivery and access in midwifery institutions at various levels in the localities and nationwide as well as the trends, and assess the equity of obstetric beds allocation, for the purpose of recommending on a reasonable adjustment of obstetric beds allocation in these institutions. Methods Random sampling made in 44 cities in China for questionnaire survey on obstetric beds allocation, service delivery and utilization in 2008- 2010 at all midwifery institutions in these cities. Interview of health administrators and medical workers at obstetric of midwifery institutions in 6 counties. Results Every thousand square kilometers in China average 5.9 midwifery institutions,and every thousand people average 0. 24 obstetric beds. During 2008-2010, the number of beds and midwifery service delivery kept a growing trend while in townships obstetric service deliveries maintain a falling trend. The fairness index of maternity beds layout nationwide is 0. 021283. Obstetric beds supply and demand ratio in different regions ranges among 0. 97 - 1.41. The number of deliveries made in county level hospitals is 54. 1%, but the beds in such hospitals account for but 48. 1 %. Conclusion The equity of obstetric beds allocation is good in terms of population layout. The quantity of obstetric beds meets the current needs nationwide, while the allocation of obstetric beds is less than reasonable among obstetric institutions of various levels in the country. The authors recommend a better control and adjustment of midwifery institutions layout, especially more such hospitals at the township level to meet the need of women delivery in hospital in remote areas.

关 键 词：助产机构 产科 床位 资源配置 公平性 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]