灌溉模式与施氮量对水稻需水规律及产量的影响  

Effects of irrigation model and nitrogen fertilization on rice evapotranspiration and yield

作　　者：肖新[1,2] 朱伟[1] 杨露露[1] 邓艳萍[1] 黄璐[1] 赵言文[2] 汪建飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院城建与环境学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2012年第4期27-31,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省青年科学基金项目(10040606Q12);安徽科技学院优秀引进人才基金资助项目(ZRC2008160)

摘　　要：采用防雨棚池栽试验,研究灌溉模式和施氮量对水稻需水规律、产量及其构成的影响。结果表明:灌溉模式与施氮量对水稻阶段腾发量、需水强度、水分利用效率和产量及其构成有显著影响。与常规灌溉相比,控制灌溉条件下水稻的腾发量、需水强度和有效穗数降低,水分利用效率、穗粒数和结实率增加。随着施氮量增加,水稻的腾发量、需水强度、有效穗数和穗粒数增加,结实率和千粒质量降低,产量和水分利用效率呈现先增加后降低的趋势。结论:在控制灌溉条件下施氮量为180 kg·hm-2时,水稻产量达到11 495 kg·hm-2,节本增效效应最佳。The effects of irrigation model and nitrogen（N）fertilization on rice evapotranspiration and yield were studied in an experiment of pool culture within rain-proof shelter.Results showed that irrigation model and nitrogen fertilization significantly influenced on rice stage water consumption,water requirement intensity and water use efficiency,yield and yield components.Compared with the conventional irrigation,rice water consumption,water requirement intensity and valid panicle number decreased,and while water use efficiency,grain number per spike and seed setting rate increased under control irrigation.With the increment of N application rates,rice water consumption,water requirement intensity,effect panicle number and grain number per spike increased,while setting-seed rate and 1 000-grain weight decreased.However,yield and water use efficiency were highest at 180 kg·hm-2 of N applied.We concluded that control irrigation model combined with suitable N application rate（180 kg·hm-2）could benefit for rice production by reducing cost and gaining high yield.

关 键 词：水稻 灌溉模式 施氮量 产量 需水强度 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]