1960-2006年实验室皮肤黏膜浅部真菌病分离菌种统计分析  

Species analysis of fungi isolated in a laboratory from patients with mycoses during 1960-2006

作　　者：曾敬思[1] 郑岳臣[1] 祝兆如[1] 邬焱卿[1] 白锦霞[1] 崔隽生[1] 邓国亮[1] 谭志建[1] 冯爱平[1] 毛叶红[1] 连昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院皮肤性病科,武汉430022

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》2012年第8期541-544,共4页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

摘　　要：目的分析1960-2006年间从浅部真菌感染病例中分离所得致病菌的情况。方法归类、统计1960年1月至2006年12月（1991年9月至1992年7月缺如）期间华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院皮肤性病科真菌室分离鉴定自皮肤、黏膜浅部真菌感染中的病原真菌。标本来自全院各临床科室门诊、住院患者、湖北省地县及邻近省市有关医院。鉴定方法包括形态学、生理及生化实验方法。结果菌株合计11989株，鉴定出23个种，16个属。可分为皮肤癣菌、念珠菌及酵母菌（含马拉色菌）、非皮肤癣菌之丝状真菌3大类。除去可能为污染菌的非皮肤癣菌之丝状真菌（287株）外，其余11702株菌中，以念珠菌（5642株，48．2％）和皮肤癣菌（5279株，45．1％）为主，酵母菌占3．8％（449株），马拉色菌占2．8％（332株）。在种属水平上排序，菌株数处于前3位的真菌种类依次为红色毛癣菌（3865株，33．0％）、白念珠菌（3110株，26．6％）和非白念珠菌（2532株，21．6％）。皮肤癣菌分离自掌跖、指趾间以外光滑皮肤损害的最多（1787／5279，占37．7％），数量最多的为红色毛癣菌，其次为紫色毛癣菌。念珠菌大多分离自黏膜部位（4099／5642，72．7％），白念珠菌数量占第1位。结论1960-2006年间从浅部真菌感染中分离所得致病菌以念珠菌和皮肤癣菌为主，红色毛癣菌数量最多。Objective To analyze fungal isolates from patients with superficial fungal infections during 1960-2006. Methods Fungal strains isolated from patients with superficial （mucoeutaneous and cutaneous） fungal infections and identified in the Medical Mycology Clinical Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Venereology,Union Hospital, from 1960 to 2006 （data from September 1991 to July 1992 were unavailable）, were subjected to a classification and statistical analysis. Clinical samples for mycological examination were taken from outpatients or inpatients of different departments in hospitals of Hubei province and surrounding areas. Morphological, physiological and biochemical methods were applied for species identification. Results A total of 11 989 Candida strains were isolated, which belonged to 23 species and 16 genera. They fell into 3 groups, i.e., dermatophytes, Candida and yeasts （including Malassezia）, and non-dermatophyte moulds. Since 287 strains of moulds were suspected to be contaminating fungi, 11 702 residual isolates were analyzed. Of the analyzed isolates, Candida species （5642/11 702, 48.2% ）and dermatophytes （5279/11 702, 45.1% ） predominated, followed by yeasts （449/11 702, 3.8%） and Malassezia species （332/11 702, 2.8%）. The most frequently isolated species was Tnchophyton rubrum （3865/11 702, 33.0% ）, Candida albicans （3110/11 702, 26.6%） and non-albicans Candida species （2532/11 702, 21.6%）. Dermatophyte strains were mostly isolated from lesions of smooth skin with an exception of palmoplantar and interdigit regions （1787/5279, 37.7% ）. The most common dermatophyte species was Trichophyton rubrum, followed by Tdchophyton violanceum. Candida was mainly isolated from mucous membrane lesions （4099/5642,72.7%）, with Candida albicans being the predominant species. Conclusions Candida species and dermatophytes predominate in patients with superficial fungal infections during 1960-2006, with Tdchophyton rubrum being the most common species.

关 键 词：皮肤真菌病 表皮癣菌属 念珠菌属 

分 类 号：R756[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]