洞庭湖水环境污染状况与来源分析  

Pollution Status and Source Analysis of Water Environment in Dongting Lake

作　　者：秦迪岚 罗岳平 黄哲[2] 胡军 樊娟 廖岳华 

机构地区：[1]湖南省环境监测中心站,湖南长沙410014 [2]国家林业局中南林业调查规划设计院,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2012年第8期193-198,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：全国重点湖泊水库生态安全调查及评估(WFLY-2009-1-05);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07212-001-06);湖南省科技计划项目(2010SK3154)

摘　　要：在对洞庭湖水环境污染状况评价与时空变化规律分析的基础上,探讨了洞庭湖的特征污染物及主要来源。结果表明:2008年洞庭湖Ⅴ类及劣V类水质达78.6%,东洞庭湖和洞庭湖出口的营养级别达轻度富营养,总体水质呈现由入湖口水域到湖体水域到出湖口水域,水质逐渐改善的特点;洞庭湖的特征污染物为总磷和总氮;磷污染物主要来源于洞庭湖区、沅江和湘江;氮污染物主要来源于湘江,洞庭湖区氮磷污染主要来源于农业面源和城镇生活污染。Based on analysis of pollution status and temporal-spatial distribution characteristics in Dongting Lake, the particular pollutants and pollutant sources of the Lake were discussed. Results showed that water with quality of Class V and interior V accounted for 78.6% of the Lake, and trophic level of Eastern Dongting Lake and outlet of Dongting Lake reached light eutrophication in 2008. Water quality of the lake entrance was inferior to the lake body, and the lake body was inferior to the lake exit. Particular pollutants in the Lake were nitrogen and phosphorus, with phosphorus mainly from Dongting Lake area, Yuanjiang River and Xiangjiang River, while nitrogen mainly from Xiangjiang River. In the lake area, nitrogen＇ and phosphorus were mostly from agricultural surface source pollution and municipal pollution.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 水质评价 时空变化 污染来源 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]